Table 2.

Risk of fracture events for cohorts with and without liver cirrhosis^*

	People without liver cirrhosis				People with liver cirrhosis				Risk of fracture
	n	Person-years	Events	Incidence†	n	Person-years	Events	Incidence†	HR	(95% CI)‡
All	15 764	95 430	1641	17.2	3941	23 221	675	29.1	1.83	(1.67 to 2.01)
Female	4980	29 405	718	24.4	1245	7352	249	33.9	1.53	(1.32 to 1.78)
Male	10 784	66 025	923	14.0	2696	15 869	426	26.8	2.04	(1.81 to 2.31)
Age, 20–39 years	2544	15 955	183	11.5	636	3838	97	25.3	2.12	(1.59 to 2.81)
Age, 40–49 years	3628	22 574	295	13.1	907	5601	142	25.4	2.04	(1.63 to 2.54)
Age, 50–59 years	3624	21 828	332	15.2	906	5442	124	22.8	1.67	(1.34 to 2.07)
Age, 60–69 years	3320	20 111	373	18.5	830	4903	144	29.4	1.69	(1.38 to 2.06)
Age, ≥70 years	2648	14 963	458	30.6	662	3437	168	48.9	1.70	(1.41 to 2.03)

*In the subgroup analysis, the HRs of skull fracture, neck or trunk fracture, fracture of upper limb, fracture of lower limb, and hip fracture associated with liver cirrhosis were 2.28 (95% CI 1.66 to 3.14), 1.75 (95% CI 1.44 to 2.12), 1.78 (95% CI 1.52 to 2.08), 1.94 (95% CI 1.65 to 2.27), and 2.22 (95% CI 1.70 to 2.89), respectively.

†Per 1000 person-years.

‡People with liver cirrhosis vs people without liver cirrhosis; Cox proportional hazard model controlling for all covariates listed in table 1.

CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.