Table 1.

Exposure and outcome measures at each data collection time point

	Variable group	Measures	Source of measures
A	IPV exposure	Ever physical, sexual, emotional Past year, postrape	WHO multi-country study instrument61 (tested in South Africa by Jewkes et al)62
B	Rape circumstances and physical trauma/injuries	Rape circumstances: number of perpetrators, relationship to perpetrator, weapon use, degree of violence, type of rape Intimidation by the perpetrator or friends	Jewkes et al63 (Questions to be asked after criminal case have been closed)
C	Rape stigma and social support	Rape stigma and self-blame Coping mechanisms Rape disclosure Social support Social disruption: leaving home, school, relationship	Social Support Appraisal Scale64; Brief COPE65; South African Stigma Scale66
D	Demographic factors	Demographic factors: age, income, education, employment, relationship status, sexual orientation	Jewkes et al62
E	Mental health outcomes	Depression Anxiety disorders PTSD Suicidality Other anxiety disorders Alcohol and drug abuse Cortisol level in hair Epigenetic changes Telomere length	MINI for psychosis and anxiety disorders49; CES-D (depression)67; AUDIT (alcohol)68; DUDIT (drugs)68–70; Life Events Checklist71; Davidson Trauma Scale (PTSD)72 73 Cortisol in hair and epigenetics analysis from blood samples
F	Other trauma	Previous trauma: child abuse, other interpersonal violence or traumatic life events Follow-up interview: rape, interpersonal violence or traumatic life events since the last interview	Childhood trauma scale Bernstein et al74 modified for South Africa Jewkes et al75 Life Events Checklist; rape and forced sex measures from Jewkes et al62
G	Criminal justice processes and circumstances of the rape	Case progression: case dropped, arrest, bail, guilty plea, case withdrawn, trial commenced, testimony in court given, trial outcome Perceived satisfaction with the system including information given about whereabouts of accused	Jewkes et al63; satisfaction questions to be developed (These questions will be asked once criminal case have been closed.)
H	Acquiescence to male domination of sex	Attitudes to gender relations and perceived social norms Consistent condom use Relationship control scale Sexual frequency	Jewkes et al62; attitudes developed in South Africa and validated in Jewkes et al76
I	Own sexual risk behaviour	Transactional sex Partner numbers ever and past year Concurrency	Jewkes et al62  75
J	Partner riskiness	STIs of current partner Use of IPV by current partner Partners’ concurrency/polygamy	Jewkes et al62 4
K	Biological risk enhancers or co-factors	Hormonal contraception use at baseline and ongoing Pregnancy loss (since last interview): termination, miscarriage	Questions from the Demographic and Health Survey77
L	Cardio-metabolic risk assessment	Screening questions for risk assessment Measurements: hip and waist, BP, BMI, glucose status (glycaemia/Hba1c) and lipid panels CRP ultrasensitive (cardiac), Gamma-GT, ALT (SGPT), AST (SGOT), creatinine (serum),	Questions from the WHO STEPs questionnaire78
M	Healthcare seeking practices postrape health, HIV testing and adherence	Completion of PEP and STI treatment Emergency contraception HIV testing postrape and previously HIV disclosure Attendance for health assessment Commencement of ART and adherence Experience of HIV-related ill-health Satisfaction with healthcare provision	Items developed and tested in pilot
O	Reproductive and child health	Contraception, fertility, pregnancies, reproductive health Child health including babies born during RICE study participation	Questions developed and adapted from Demographic and Health Survey

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ART, antiretroviral therapy; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; CRP, C-reactive protein; DUDIT, Drug Use Disorders Identification Test; IPV, intimate partner violence; MINI, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; PEP, postexposure prophylaxis; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; RICE, Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation; SGOT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; STI, sexually transmitted infection.