Table 3.
Comparison between patients with high (>800/μL) and low (≤800/μL) pre-HAART CD8 counts. Variables included in the analyses were (a) general baseline characteristics, (b) pre-HAART virological status, (c) antiretroviral therapy and (d) outcome at year 4
| Pre-HAART CD8 >800 (n=276) | Pre-HAART CD8 ≤800 (n=428) | Univariate analysis | Adjusted by pre-HAART CD4 | |||||
| Median/number | IQR/% | Median/number | IQR/% | OR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | |
| (a) Baseline characteristics | ||||||||
| Male gender | 242 | 87.7% | 352 | 82.2% | 0.65 | 0.42 to 1.01 | 1.82 | 1.12 to 2.96* |
| Chinese ethnicity | 222 | 80.4% | 351 | 82.0% | 1.11 | 0.75 to 1.63 | 1.10 | 0.71 to 1.71 |
| Mode of transmission | (n=372) | (n=427) | ||||||
| MSM | 120 | 44.0% | 153 | 35.8% | Ref | Ref | ||
| Heterosexual | 140 | 51.3% | 249 | 58.3% | 1.39 | 1.02 to 1.91* | 0.93 | 0.65 to 1.33 |
| Injection drug user | 13 | 4.8% | 19 | 4.4% | 1.15 | 0.54 to 2.41 | 0.47 | 0.21 to 1.08 |
| Contaminated blood transfusion | 0 | 0.0% | 6 | 1.4% | – | – | ||
| Subtype | (n=206) | (n=322) | ||||||
| CRF01_AE | 95 | 46.1% | 171 | 53.1% | Ref | Ref | ||
| B | 94 | 45.6% | 129 | 40.1% | 0.76 | 0.53 to 1.1 | 1.35 | 0.88 to 2.06 |
| C | 4 | 1.9% | 4 | 1.2% | 0.56 | 0.14 to 2.27 | 1.13 | 0.25 to 5.07 |
| Others | 13 | 6.3% | 18 | 5.6% | 0.77 | 0.36 to 1.64 | 1.37 | 0.6 to 3.17 |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 36.80 | 31.74–43.54 | 37.46 | 30.27–45.17 | 1.00 | 0.98 to 1.01 | 0.99 | 0.98 to 1.01 |
| Late HIV diagnosis | 48 | 17.4% | 138 | 32.2% | 2.26 | 1.56 to 3.28* | 0.98 | 0.64 to 1.51 |
| AIDS before treatment | 66 | 23.9% | 168 | 39.3% | 2.06 | 1.47 to 2.88* | 0.94 | 0.63 to 1.41 |
| (b) Pre-HAART virological status | ||||||||
| Viral load (log10 copies/mL) | (n=274) | (n=420) | ||||||
| 5.04 | 4.55–5.52 | 5.20 | 4.69–5.58 | 1.23 | 1.03 to 1.47* | 0.80 | 0.64 to 0.99* | |
| Viral load log10 >5 | 145 | 52.9% | 259 | 61.7% | 1.43 | 1.05 to 1.95* | 0.71 | 0.49 to 1.02 |
| Estimated cumulative viral load† | (n=96) | (n=101) | ||||||
| 17.74 | 10.00–29.61 | 18.53 | 10.88–27.73 | 1.004 | 0.98 to 1.03 | 1.004 | 0.98 to 1.03 | |
| (c) Antiretroviral treatment | ||||||||
| Months from diagnosis to HAART initiation | 12.80 | 3.87–35.52 | 5.60 | 2.44–30.58 | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1 | 1.01 | 1 to 1.01* |
| NNRTI-based initial regimen | 70 | 25.4% | 105 | 24.5% | 0.96 | 0.67 to 1.36 | 1.84 | 1.22 to 2.78* |
| (d) Outcome at year 4 | ||||||||
| CD4 count/μL | (n=246) | (n=370) | ||||||
| 488 | 386–625 | 437 | 332–589 | 0.999 | 0.998 to 1 | 1.001 | 0.9997 to 1.002 | |
| CD4 >500/μL | 117 | 47.6% | 141 | 38.1% | 0.68 | 0.49 to 0.94* | 1.29 | 0.88 to 1.91 |
| CD4:CD8 ratio | (n=246) | (n=370) | ||||||
| 0.49 | 0.36–0.68 | 0.57 | 0.41–0.79 | 3.61 | 1.93 to 6.75* | 64.63 | 23.47 to 177.98* | |
| Viral load (log10 copies/mL) | (n=245) | (n=366) | ||||||
| 1.88 | 1.88–2.6 | 1.88 | 1.88–2.6 | 1.18 | 0.73 to 1.91 | 0.83 | 0.48 to 1.44 | |
| Suppressed viral load (≤500 copies/mL) | 245 | 100.0% | 364 | 99.5% | – | – | ||
| CD4 >500/μL and CD4:CD8 ratio >0.8 | (n=243) | (n=370) | ||||||
| 24 | 9.9% | 59 | 15.9% | 1.73 | 1.04 to 2.87* | 5.07 | 2.74 to 9.41* | |
| Treatment (months) | 83.83 | 62.13–117.42 | 85.05 | 64.17–116.75 | 1.000 | 0.997 to 1.004 | 0.999 | 0.99 to 1.003 |
All analyses were performed in logistic regression: simple logistic regression for univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression with selected confounders for multivariable analyses.
*p<0.05.
†Estimated cumulative viral load from seroconversion expressed as years×log10 viral load copies/mL.
aOR, adjusted OR; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; MSM, men who have sex with men; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.