Table 5.
Post-traumatic growth: differences between liver transplant recipients (G1) and their caregivers (G2) by time since transplantation (2×3 mixed factorial analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc test)
| Main effects | Interaction effects | Comparisons G1–G2, p (Cohen’s d) |
Comparisons time since transplantation, p (Cohen’s d) |
|||||||||
| Group | Time | Time since transplantation | G1 (n=216) |
G2 (n=216) |
||||||||
|
F
(1, 213)
(p) |
F
(2, 213)
(p) |
F
(2, 213)
(p) |
Less a | Medium b | More c | a-b | a-c | b-c | a-b | a-c | b-c | |
| Relating to others | 23.081 (<0.001) |
1.464 (0.234) |
0.236 (0.790) |
0.008 (0.32) s |
0.020 (0.30) s |
0.001 (0.46) s |
1.000 (−0.02) n |
0.270 (−0.29) s |
0.369 (−0.27) s |
1.000 (−0.05) n |
0.908 (−0.17) n |
1.000 (−0.12) n |
| New possibilities | 33.157 (<0.001) |
0.640 (0.528) |
0.003 (0.997) |
0.001 (0.36) s |
0.001 (0.42) s |
0.001 (0.45) s |
1.000 (−0.03) n |
0.987 (−0.16) n |
1.000 (−0.14) n |
1.000 (−0.02) n |
1.000 (−0.14) n |
1.000 (−0.12) n |
| Personal strength | 0.001 (0.976) |
0.424 (0.655) |
0.744 (0.476) |
0.425 (−0.10) n |
0.868 (−0.02) n |
0.365 (0.13) n |
1.000 (−0.10) n |
0.438 (−0.24) s |
1.000 (−0.14) n |
1.000 (−0.02) n |
1.000 (−0.01) n |
1.000 (0.01) n |
| Spiritual change | 0.001 (0.975) |
2.192 (0.114) |
0.349 (0.706) |
0.898 (0.02) n |
0.537 (−0.08) n |
0.584 (0.07) n |
1.000 (0.04) n |
0.227 (−0.29) s |
0.143 (−0.37) s |
1.000 (−0.06) n |
0.529 (−0.22) s |
0.960 (−0.17) n |
| Appreciation of life | 18.490 (<0.001) |
0.109 (0.897) |
0.067 (0.935) |
0.006 (0.37) s |
0.028 (0.33) s |
0.014 (0.35) s |
1.000 (−0.02) n |
1.000 (−0.02) n |
1.000 (0.00) n |
1.000 (−0.09) n |
1.000 (−0.06) n |
1.000 (0.03) n |
| Total post-traumatic growth | 17.109 (<0.001) |
0.983 (0.376) |
0.196 (0.822) |
0.028 (0.25) s |
0.041 (0.26) s |
0.004 (0.38) s |
1.000 (−0.04) n |
0.417 (−0.24) s |
0.674 (−0.21) s |
1.000 (−0.05) n |
1.000 (−0.14) n |
1.000 (−0.09) n |
a, less; b, medium; c, more; n, null effect size; s, small effect size.