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. 2017 Oct 13;7:13151. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13638-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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YC-1 ameliorates peritoneal inflammation in vivo. (a) Representative CD45 immunostainings (left) and histomorphometric quantification (right) of leukocytes within ischemic buttons of mice pretreated with YC-1 or vehicle (Ctrl), seven days after adhesion induction. (b) Representative F4/80 immunostainings (left) and histomorphometric quantification (right) of macrophages within ischemic buttons of mice pretreated with YC-1 or vehicle (Ctrl). Asterisks in (a,b) indicate positions of sutures (extracted) within ischemic buttons (see also Supplementary Fig. 5; HPF high power field; *P ≤ 0.05, n = 7 in (a,b). Scale bars = 200 μm. (c,d) ELISA of IL-6 (c) and TNFα (d) in tissue lysates of ischemic buttons, harvested 24 h after adhesion induction from Ctrl- and YC-1-treated animals (*P ≤ 0.05, n = 5) (e) ELISA-based quantification of IL-6 levels in peritoneal lavage fluid, harvested 24 h after adhesion induction (*P ≤ 0.05, n = 6). (f,g) Antibody array, revealing the relative abundance of M1- (f) and M2-macrophage-associated cytokines (g) in peritoneal fluid of mice pretreated with YC-1 or vehicle (Ctrl), one day after adhesion induction (***P ≤ 0.001, n = 4; ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests).