Table 4.
Association of perceived ethnic discrimination with alcohol consumption in the HELIUS study, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2011–2015
| Outcome variable | Total samplea | Ethnicity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South-Asian Surinamese | African Surinamese | Ghanaian | Turkish | Moroccan | ||
| Current drinking | ||||||
| Model 1b | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | 0.97 (0.88–1.06) | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) | 1.26 (1.13–1.40) | 1.06 (0.95–1.18) | 0.82 (0.70–0.95) |
| Model 2c | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) | 1.05 (0.96–1.15) | 1.21 (1.08–1.36) | 0.92 (0.82–1.04) | 0.68 (0.57–0.81) |
| Excessive drinking/drinkers | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.17 (1.03–1.34) | 1.07 (0.84–1.38) | 1.30 (1.07–1.57) | 1.22 (0.83–1.77) | 1.17 (0.75–1.85) | 0.94 (0.45–1.96) |
| Model 2 | 1.08 (0.94–1.24) | 0.96 (0.74–1.25) | 1.18 (0.97–1.44) | 1.14 (0.77–1.70) | 1.08 (0.67–1.74) | 0.64 (0.27–1.51) |
| Alcohol dependence/drinkers | ||||||
| Model 1 | 1.32 (1.21–1.45) | 1.15 (0.97–1.37) | 1.57 (1.35–1.83) | 1.32 (1.05–1.65) | 1.26 (0.99–1.60) | 1.42 (1.02–1.98) |
| Model 2 | 1.20 (1.09–1.32) | 1.00 (0.83–1.20) | 1.40 (1.20–1.64) | 1.26 (0.99–1.60) | 1.15 (0.90–1.49) | 1.21 (0.84–1.75) |
a p values for interaction between perceived ethnic discrimination and ethnicity in the total sample of ethnic minority groups, based on fully adjusted models: current drinking p = 0.002, heavy drinking p = 0.50, and alcohol dependence p = 0.09
bModel 1 adjusted for ethnicity (in total sample only), age, and sex
cModel 2 adjusted for marital status, educational level, employment status, and other psychosocial stressors (negative life events and feeling distressed at home)