Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the Wilson's disease patients at baseline.
| Sex | Age (years) | Disease duration (years) | Time from onset to treatment (years) | UWDRS | Hepatic score | Neurological score | Psychiatric score | Initial symptom | 24-h urine copper (μmol/24 h) | ALT (μmol/(s•L)) | Liver cirrhosis | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | 18 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Asymptomatic | 0.42 | 1.15 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 22 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Hepatic | 0.94 | 0.32 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 24 | 17 | 0 | 40 | 6 | 27 | 7 | Hepatic | 0.25 | 0.48 | 0 | Trientine, zinc |
| M | 27 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Asymptomatic | 1.68 | 1.07 | 2 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 27 | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Hepatic | 0.27 | 6.21 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 28 | 8 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 15 | 4 | Neurological | 0.68 | 0.55 | 2 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 30 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | Neurological | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0 | Trientine, zinc |
| F | 34 | 26 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | Hepatic | 1.19 | 1.47 | 0 | Trientine, zinc |
| F | 35 | 18 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | Neurological | 0.38 | 0.35 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 36 | 30 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | Asymptomatic | 0.96 | 0.44 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 36 | 15 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Neurological | 0.68 | 0.57 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 38 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Asymptomatic | 0.5 | 0.75 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 41 | 31 | 1 | 20 | 3 | 13 | 4 | Hepatic | 0.44 | 0.37 | 3 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 42 | 27 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | Neurological | 0.85 | 0.52 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 42 | 28 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Asymptomatic | 0.38 | 0.5 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 45 | 30 | 4 | 14 | 1 | 10 | 3 | Neurological | 1.02 | 0.61 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 45 | 30 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Asymptomatic | 2.46 | 0.41 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 46 | 28 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | Asymptomatic | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 46 | 43 | 1 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 4 | Asymptomatic | 1.3 | 1.96 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 47 | 29 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | Asymptomatic | 0.7 | 0.57 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 48 | 31 | 7 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 0 | Neurological | 0.55 | 0.29 | 1 | D-Penicillamin |
| F | 54 | 30 | 3 | 13 | 5 | 4 | 4 | Neurological | 0.13 | 0.22 | 4 | Post-liver transplantation |
| M | 55 | 40 | 0 | 18 | 5 | 9 | 4 | Neurological | 1.48 | 0.71 | 0 | D-Penicillamin |
| M | 55 | 46 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | Neurological | 2.74 | 0.52 | 0 | Trientine, zinc |
| M | 69 | 57 | 13 | 24 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Neurological | 1.83 | 0.42 | 2 | D-Penicillamin, zinc |
| M | 71 | 51 | 17 | 28 | 3 | 21 | 4 | Neurological | 0.83 | 0.42 | 1 | Trientine |
ALT, alanine transaminase; F, female; M, male; UWDRS, Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale.
Severity of liver cirrhosis: 0, no cirrhosis; 1, cirrhosis; 2, cirrhosis with portal hypertension; 3, cirrhosis with ascites; 4, liver transplantation due to decompensated cirrhosis.