Table 1. Laboratory findings of our patients.

FeNa, FeHCO₃^-, and FePO₄ denote the fraction excretion of Na, HCO₃^-, and PO4, respectively; TTKG: transtubular potassium gradient; N/A: not available.

^*In the setting of hypokalemia, the 24-hour urine potassium excretion level and TTKG should be less than 15-20mmol/day and 3-4, respectively.

^†If the plasma HCO₃ level is higher than 23-25mEq/L, the urine-to-blood pCO₂ gradient should be higher than 20mmHg.

^‡In the setting of hypophosphatemia, the 24-hour urine phosphate excretion level and FePO4 level should be <100mg/day and <5%, respectively.