Table 1.

Clinical details

	CD Total	CD Rem	CD Res	CD NRes	Control
Characteristics	n = 49	n = 29	n = 11	n = 9	n = 37
Gender (male/female)	22/27	15/14	4/7	3/6	18/19
Age, years (mean, range)	40 (19–71)	39 (22–62)	42 (20–63)	42 (19–58)	42 (26–63)
Age at diagnosis (≤25/> 25 years)	26/23	15/14	7/4	4/5	–
Years with disease (≤10/> 10 years)	27/22	16/13	6/5	5/4	–
HB-score (mean, range)	10 (6–18)a	10 (6–18)c	11 (8–15)	11 (5–15)f	–
PDAI (mean, range)	10 (2–12)b	9 (2–12)d	10 (9–12)e	7(6–9)g	–
Extension (D, J, TI, IC, C)	1, 1, 17, 5, 35	0, 0, 9, 3, 23	0, 0, 6, 1, 7	1, 1, 2, 1, 5	–
Surgery (IR, IR + HC, HC, Co, IC + Co)	9, 1, 2, 9, 4	5, 0, 2, 5, 0	2, 1, 0, 2, 2	2, 0, 0, 2,2	–
Smoking/non-smoking	13/36	11/18	1/10	1/8	0/37
EIM (present/not present)	4/45	1/28	2/9	1/8	–
Steroids, n					–
Independent/dependent/responder/unknown	7/20/8/14	4/12/3/10	2/4/2/3	1/4/3/1	–
Daily medication, n					–
Systemic 5-aminosalicylic acid (1.6–3.2 g)	2	1	0	1	–
Topical 5-aminosalicylic acid (1 g)	0	0	0	0	–
Systemic glucocorticoids (75 mg)h	9	6	2	1	–
Topical glucocorticoids (100 mg)	1	1	0	0	–
Azathioprine (100–150 mg)	29	18	7	4	–
Methotrexate (25 mg/wk)	1	0	0	1	–
None	15	9	4	2	37

^aSix patients had no luminal activity, only perianal fistulas

^bIn all, fourteen patients had perianal fistulas

^cFour patients had no luminal activity, only perianal fistulas

^dIn all, seven patients had perianal fistulas

^eThree patients had perianal fistulas

^fOne patient had no luminal activity, only perianal fistulas

^gIn all, three patients had perianal fistulas

^hTappering regime

C colonic, Co colectomy, D duodenal, EIM extra-intestinal manifestations, HB Harvey–Bradshaw, HC hemicolectomy, IC ileocecal, IR ileocecal resection, J jejunal, NRes non-responder, PDAI perianal disease activity index, Rem remission, Res responder, TI terminal ileum