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. 2017 Sep 27;114(41):E8656–E8664. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1714960114

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Fig. S1. — Phenotypic analysis of tru1. (A–C) A backcross population (BC1) was generated by crossing the original tru1-ws stock to the inbred A619 followed by backcrossing to the tru1-ws stock. Over 1,200 plants were grown to maturity in the summer maize nursery at Ames, Iowa. Phenotypes were recorded ∼110–120 d after sowing (DAS). (A) Measurement of shank, inflorescence, prophyll, husk leaf, sheath, leaf blade, and internode lengths of heterozygous and homozygous tru1 mutants. Highly significant differences were seen in the shank and inflorescence lengths. For each genotype, 25 representative, sibling plants were selected and all traits were measured on the same plants with the exception of shank length, which was measured on the whole population (C); inflorescence, located in the uppermost ear position, measured from last husk leaf insertion to tip; prophyll, associated with the same inflorescence; husk, associated with the same inflorescence, the outermost intact husk leaf; sheath and leaf blade, for the leaf subtending the same inflorescence; internode, immediately beneath the same inflorescence. (B) Range of sex determination of primary lateral branches, ranging from fully female (Left), mixed (Center), to fully male (Right), imaged 120 DAS. (C) Correlation between shank length and sex identity. The longer the shank, the more frequent the male sex identity. All inflorescences in the ear position still intact at 120 DAS were scored and measured; ear, n = 621; mixed, n = 28; male, n = 424. t test: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.005; ***P < 0.0005, ****P < 0.0001. (D) Measurements of shank lengths of tb1 and tru1 mutants compared with normal siblings (normal = 9.5 ± 6.3 cm, n = 28; tb1-ref = 39.2 ± 11.2 cm, n = 15; P < 0.0001; tru1-ws = 37.4 ± 21.6 cm, n = 12; P < 0.0001) and tb1-ref; tru1-ws double mutant (tb1-ref; tru1-ws = 40.3 ± 11.6 cm, n = 7). P value is not significantly different from that of tb1-ref single mutant (P = 0.84) or tru1-ws single mutant (P = 0.76), indicating that tru1 and tb1 function in the same pathway to inhibit shank elongation.