Table 5.
Antimicrobial activity of quinoa seed extracts cultivated in Korea, USA, and Peru by the disc diffusion assay
| Quinoa extract | Diameter of inhibitory zone (mm)1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Gram-positive bacteria | Gram-negative bacteria | |||||
|
|
|
|||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | Listeria monocytogenes | Bacillus cereus | Escherichia coli | Salmonella Typhimurium | Campylobacter jejuni | |
| Korea | 6.83±0.27b | NA2) | 7.96±0.14a | 7.04±0.11b | 7.07±0.46b | 7.39±0.26b |
| USA | 6.31±0.27b | NA | 7.97±0.12a | 7.35±0.35a | 7.41±0.30a | 7.64±0.55a |
| Peru | 7.05±0.31 | NA | 7.65±0.33 | 7.35±0.25 | 7.49±0.49 | 7.52±0.24 |
Means (n=3) in a row with different letters are significantly different by Duncan’s multiple range test at P<0.05.
1)
Diameter of inhibitory zone (mm) including disc diameter of 6 mm.
2)
NA: no activity was observed.