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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 16.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2016 Dec 7;89(1):2–21. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04255

Figure 6. Special single-cell analysis platforms.

Figure 6

(A) The detection of intracellular microRNA is initiated by application of ultrasound. It accelerates the nanomotor-tags, and they pass the cell membrane. Upon contact with the target microRNA sequence, the fluorescent label is released from the quencher and fluorescence arises. Fluorescent signal of a MCF-7 cell before (right top) and after (right bottom) ultrasound exposure. Scale bars, 10 μm. Adapted from Esteban-Fernández de Ávila, B.; Martín, A.; Soto, F.; Lopez-Ramirez, M. A.; Campuzano, S.; Vásquez-Machado, G. M.; Gao, W.; Zhang, L.; Wang, J. ACS Nano 2015, 9, 6756−6764 (ref 200). Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society. (B) Cantilever beam resonance is affected by changes in its mass. Serial mass measurements of single cells flowing in a hollow cantilever were then employed to measure mass changes of single cells over time and detect the cells growth rates. Adapted with permission from Cermak, N.; Olcum, S.; Delgado, F. F.; Wasserman, S. C.; Payer, K. R.; Murakami, M. A.; Knudsen, S. M.; Kimmerling, R. J.; Stevens, M. M.; Kikuchi, Y.; Sandikci, A.; Ogawa, M.; Agache, V.; Baleras, F.; Weinstock, D. M.; Manalis, S. R. Nat. Biotechnol. 2016, 34, 1052–1059 (ref 201). Copyright 2016 Nature Publishing Group. (C) Single cells were thermally analyzed in an ultrasensitive and thermally well isolated microfluidic setup. The resonant frequency of a cantilever beam depending on the temperature and effects of the heat production on the single cell level can be investigated. Adapted with permission from Inomata, N.; Toda, M.; Ono, T. Lab Chip 2016, 16, 3597–3603 (ref 202). Copyright 2016 Royal Society of Chemistry. (D) A new type of microscope that visualizes magnetism has been reported. The quantum diamond microscope was used to investigate magnetically labeled cells. Scale bars, 100 μm. Reprinted with permission from Glenn, D. R.; Lee, K.; Park, H.; Weissleder, R.; Yacoby, A.; Lukin, M. D.; Lee, H.; Walsworth, R. L.; Connolly, C. B. Nat. Methods 2015, 12 (8), 736–738 (ref 203). Copyright 2015 Nature Publishing Group.