Table 1.

Dysregulation and the functional role of the FOXF2 gene in various types of human cancer.

Cancer Type	FOXF2 Dysregulation	FOXF2 Function	Reference
Prostate	Downregulation	FOXF2 expression is downregulated by miR-182-5p in prostate cancer.	Hirata et al. (7)
Breast	Downregulation	FOXF2 expression correlates with the early-onset metastasis and poor prognosis for patients with histological grade II and triple-negative breast cancer.	Kong et al. (8)
Colon	Downregulation	FOXF2 expression is inversely correlated with miR-182 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC). miR-182 downregulates FOXF2 expression to upregulate β-catenin expression, and promote cell growth and invasion.	Zhang et al. (9)
Lung	Upregulation	FOXF2 expression is aberrantly overexpressed in mesenchymal-like metastatic lung cancer cells and tightly correlates with the EMT transcription factor ZEB1. FOXF2 upregulation induces the EMT, migration, invasion and metastasis in lung cancer cells through inhibiting expression of E-cadherin and miR-200.	Kundu et al. (10)
Liver	Downregulation	Downregulation of FOXF2 expression is observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlates with overall survival and recurrence-free survival of HCC patients. FOXF2 knockdown in a HCC cell line promotes proliferation and anti-apoptosis.	Shi et al. (11)
Breast	Downregulation	FOXF2 is specifically expressed in most basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) cell lines and tissues. FOXF2 deficiency promotes the metastatic ability of BLBC cells in vitro and in vivo through EMT inhibition.	Wang et al. (12)
Breast	Downregulation	DNA methylation is involved in silencing SP1-mediated FOXF2 expression in non-TNBC. SP1-induced FOXF2 expression promotes proliferation of BLBC cells.	Tian et al. (13)
Esophagus	Downregulation	FOXF2 downregulation is detected in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and correlates with a higher frequency of lymph node metastasis and a decreased survival rate of ESCC patients.	Zheng et al. (14)
Liver	Downregulation	FOXF2 expression inversely correlates miR-519a in HCC. miR-519a promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of HCC by repressing FOXF2 expression.	Shao et al. (15)
Breast	Downregulation/upregulation	FOXF2 is epigenetically silenced in luminal and HER2+ breast cancer, but is frequently overexpressed in BLBC. FOXF2 functions as an EMT promoter and DNA replication inhibitor.	Lo et al. (16)
Breast	Downregulation	miR-182 targets FOXF2 to promote cell proliferation and migration of TNBC.	Yu et al. (17)
Breast	Downregulation	FOXF2 mediates the function of Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) to promote proliferation and inhibit aggressiveness of BLBC.	Yu et al. (18)
Liver	Downregulation	FOXF2 deficiency facilitates the metastasis of HCC through inducing mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET).	Dou et al. (19)