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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Psychiatry. 2017 Jul 6;79:70–79. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.06.010

Table 2.

Adjusted hazard ratios for the adjusted rate of disorder by age of menarche

Age of menarche onset (HR; 95% CI)
≤10 11 13 ≥14
Distress disorders
Bipolar 3.9 1.1 – 14.2 4.4 1.2 – 16.8 1.9 0.5 – 7.0 0.6 0.1 – 3.5
Dysthymia 2.3 1.0 – 5.2 3.5 1.6 – 7.6 1.2 0.5 – 3.1 1.6 0.5 – 5.7
GAD 1.0 0.5 – 2.2 1.2 0.4 – 3.8 1.0 0.5 – 2.2 0.4 0.1 – 1.4
Major depression 1.8 1.2 – 2.7 1.7 1.0 – 2.6 0.7 0.4 – 1.1 0.3 0.2 – 0.6
PTSD 1.6 0.7 – 3.6 1.4 0.7 – 2.7 0.8 0.4 – 1.5 0.4 0.1 – 1.2
Fear disorders
Agoraphobia 2.2 0.9 – 5.5 0.7 0.2 – 2.2 0.4 0.1 – 1.5 0.3 0.1 – 1.5
Panic 1.1 0.5 – 2.4 0.7 0.4 – 1.6 0.5 0.2 – 1.3 0.1 0.01 – 0.3
Social phobia 2.7 1.4 – 5.3 1.0 0.5 – 1.7 0.6 0.3 – 1.2 0.2 0.1 – 0.7
Specific phobia 4.9 2.0 – 12 1.4 0.5 – 4.0 1.0 0.3 – 3.5 0.2 0.02 – 1.7
Eating disorders
Anorexia 0.2 0.01 – 2.5 -- - 1.7 0.3 – 10.2 1.2 0.2 – 6.0
Binge 1.0 0.6 – 1.5 0.9 0.5 – 1.4 1.2 0.8 – 1.9 0.6 0.3 – 1.2
Bulimia 1.0 0.3 – 3.1 0.2 0.1 – 1.1 0.5 0.2 – 1.0 0.3 0.1 – 1.1
Externalizing disorders
Alcohol 0.7 0.4 – 1.3 1.1 0.6 – 2.1 0.9 0.5 – 1.6 1.0 0.5 – 1.7
Conduct 0.5 0.2 – 1.5 0.6 0.2 – 1.6 0.7 0.3 – 1.6 0.6 0.1 – 2.4
Drug 1.0 0.6 – 1.8 0.9 0.6 – 1.5 1.0 0.6 – 1.6 1.2 0.9 – 1.7
Nicotine 1.7 1.1 – 2.7 1.9 1.2 – 2.9 1.4 0.9 – 2.1 1.2 0.7 – 2.1
ODD 0.6 0.3 – 1.3 0.9 0.5 – 1.8 0.6 0.3 – 1.4 0.3 0.1 – 1.2
*

Reference group for all hazard ratios is menarche onset at age 12 Models adjusted for BMI, parent income, age, race/ethnicity, number of parents in the household, exposure to or experience of childhood threat and deprivation.

GAD=general anxiety disorder, MDD=major depressive disorder, PTSD=Post-traumatic stress disorder, ODD=oppositional defiant disorder.