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. 2017 Oct 16;7:13300. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13369-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Tissue thickness and the surface representation of gastrocnemius units. A scatter plot with data obtained from the five subjects tested is shown in (A). The total tissue thickness (subcutaneous plus gastrocnemius thickness) is plotted in the abscissa. The inter-electrode distance over which soleus motor units provided a significant contribution to the surface EMGs (Fig. 5) is shown in the ordinate. Spearman Rho and its significance level were respectively 0.89 and 0.11. (B) shows the distribution of the relative number of channels detecting gastrocnemius surface potentials with amplitude greater than 50% of the maximal amplitude across all subjects and motor units, separately for each inter-electrode distance from 0.5 to 6.0 cm. Spearman analysis indicates a significant correlation between the median, relative number of channels and inter-electrode distance (Rho = 0.98; P < 0.001). Continuous black lines (regression lines) were drawn to indicate the positive trend observed for the data shown in both panels.