Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for all tasks.
| M | SD | Range | Skew (SE) | Kurtosis (SE) | N (% completed) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age 2 | ||||||
| Early EF | ||||||
| Selective attention | 3.66 | 1.67 | 0.33–7.67 | –0.15 (0.11) | –0.69 (0.22) | 514 (93.12%) |
| Visuospatial working memory | 65.76 | 19.24 | 0–100 | –0.31 (0.11) | –0.08 (0.22) | 479 (86.78%) |
| Visuospatial short-term memory | 2.01 | 0.91 | 0–4 | 0.37 (0.11) | –0.37 (0.23) | 457 (82.79%) |
| Verbal short-term memory | 41.44 | 27.84 | 0–100 | 0.29 (0.12) | –0.86 (0.24) | 414 (75.00%) |
| Control variable | ||||||
| Receptive vocabulary | 63.42 | 19.71 | 8.33–100 | –0.21 (0.11) | –0.73 (0.21) | 527 (95.47%) |
| Age 5 | ||||||
| Emergent mathematics | ||||||
| Number line 1–10 | 0.85 | 0.21 | 0–1 | –2.58 (0.11) | 6.44 (0.22) | 515 (93.30%) |
| Number line 1–100 | 0.51 | 0.33 | 0–0.99 | –0.18 (0.11) | –1.41 (0.22) | 513 (92.93%) |
| Number knowledge 1–100 | 76.33 | 18.38 | 11.11–100 | –0.52 (0.11) | 0.01 (0.22) | 514 (93.12%) |
| Cito mathematics | 84.46 | 12.05 | 49–135 | 0.56 (0.12) | 1.43 (0.24) | 419 (75.91%) |
| Emergent literacy | ||||||
| Phonemic awareness | 81.02 | 22.53 | 8.33–100 | –1.29 (0.11) | 0.92 (0.22) | 497 (90.04%) |
| Letter knowledge | 81.96 | 24.13 | 0–100 | –1.32 (0.11) | 0.94 (0.22) | 499 (90.40%) |
| Cito language and literacy | 66.11 | 10.02 | 41–108 | 0.43 (0.12) | 0.66 (0.24) | 414 (75.0%) |