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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Aug 2;168:1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.07.010

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Signal transduction pathways by which a reduction in O2 concentration inhibits prolyl-4-hydroxylases (PHDs) and Factor Inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH), leading to HIF-1α stabilization and activation. See text for detailed description and additional abbreviations.