Table 2.

Characteristics of diabetic participants and excluded participants.^a

Variables	Diabetic patients	Excluded participantsb	P
n	2061	303
Age, years	54.1 ± 11.3	41.7 ± 12.5	<0.001
Women	910 (44.2)	151 (49.8)	0.063
Rural	658 (31.9)	201 (66.3)	<0.001
Employed	1178 (57.2)	256 (84.5)	<0.001
Education, years
<6	286 (13.9)	25 (8.3)	<0.001d
7–12	1341 (65.1)	129 (42.7)
≥13	432 (21.0)	148 (49.0)
Income, 10,000 yuan/ year
≤1.9	621 (31.9)	60 (21.8)	<0.001d
2.0–3.4	829 (42.5)	116 (42.2)
≥3.5	499 (25.6)	99 (36.0)
Physical activity, Mets-hour/weekc	55.7 (28.0–98.0)	53.4 (24.0–100.0)	0.518e
Family history of diabetes	808 (39.2)	45 (14.9)	<0.001
Smoke	849 (41.2)	101 (33.3)	0.009
Alcohol drinking	778 (37.8)	121 (39.9)	0.464
BMI, kg/m2	26.8 ± 3.6	25.1 ± 4.0	<0.001
WC, cm	90.3 ± 10.2	81.5 ± 12.3	<0.001
HbA1c, %	7.9 ± 1.9	5.9 ± 0.68	<0.001
FBG, mmol/L	8.8 ± 3.0	–
SBP, mmHg	141.2 ± 19.6	128.3 ± 18.5	<0.001
DBP, mmHg	86.3 ± 11.8	82.9 ± 11.6	<0.001
TC, mg/dl	200.6 ± 45.2	198.5 ± 29.6	0.917
HDL-C, mg/dl	42.2 ± 10.3	40.5 ± 26.9	0.721
LDL-C, mg/dl	111.0 ± 33.5	61.1 ± 51.7	<0.001
TG, mg/dl	154.1 ± 1.9	101.8 ± 1.4	0.157

BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; Mets: metabolic equivalents; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; FBG: fasting blood glucose; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglycerides.

^aValues are expressed as means ± SD for continuous variables or n (%) for categorical variables.

^bExcluded patients mean patients whose diabetic status can't be identified.

^cPhysical activity is described as median (interquartile range).

^dP values were calculated using chi-square test.

^eP value was calculated using non-parametric test.