Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis
| Source | Sample size | Male (%) | Age (year) | Primary intervention and route of delivery | Cell type | Cell dose | Time of cell therapy | Follow-up (months) | Measure tools | Baseline LVEF (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Janssens 2006 [11] | 67 | 82 | 56.9 | PCI IC | BMSC | 304 × 10^6 | Within 1 day after PCI | 4 | MRI | 48.1 |
| Yousef 2009 [12] | 62 | 89.6 | 51.1 | PCI IC | BMC | 6.1 (3.9) × 10^7 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 60 | Echo | 51.2 |
| Wang 2014 [13] | 58 | 60.6 | 57 | PCI IC | BMSC | 1 × 10^8 | Mean 15 days after PCI | 6 | Echo | 29 |
| Piepoli 2010 [14] | 38 | 68.4 | 65 | PCI IC | BMC | 418 × 10^6 | 3 to 5 days after PCI | 12 | Echo | 37.1 |
| Panovsky (HD) 2008 [15] | 47 | 89.3 | 54 | PCI IC | BMC | 1 × 10^8 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 3 | SPECT | 35 |
| Panovsky (LD) 2008 [15] | 47 | 89.3 | 54 | PCI IC | BMC | 1 × 10^7 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 3 | SPECT | 35.5 |
| Gao 2013 [16] | 54 | 93.2 | 56.8 | PCI IC | BMSC | 3.08 (0.52) × 10^6 | Mean 17 days after PCI | 12 | SPECT,Echo | 51.1 |
| Sürder (day 6) 2016 [17] | 150 | 84.1 | 57.7 | PCI IC | BMSC | 1.40 × 10^8 | Mean 6 days after PCI | 12 | MRI | 37.1 |
| Sürder (day 24) 2016 [17] | 150 | 84.1 | 57.7 | PCI IC | BMSC | 1.60 × 10^8 | Mean 24 days after PCI | 12 | MRI | 37.6 |
| Traverse 2011 [18] | 87 | 82.8 | 56.1 | PCI IC | BMC | 150 × 10^6 | 2 to 3 weeks after PCI | 6 | MRI | 47 |
| Plewka 2009 [19] | 60 | 73 | 56 | PCI IC | BMSC | 1.44 (0.49) × 10^8 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 6 | Echo | 39.5 |
| Traverse (day 3) 2012 [20] | 67 | 88 | 56.3 | PCI IC | BMC | 150 × 10^6 | 3 days after PCI | 6 | MRI | 43.9 |
| Traverse (day 7) 2012 [20] | 53 | 87.2 | 57.6 | PCI IC | BMC | 150 × 10^6 | 7 days after PCI | 6 | MRI | 46.4 |
| Chen 2004 [21] | 69 | 95.5 | 57.5 | PCI IC | BMSC | 8 × 10^9 | Nearly 18 days after PCI | 6 | SPECT | 48.5 |
| Ge 2006 [22] | 20 | 90 | 58.5 | PCI IC | BM-MNC | 4 × 10^7 | Within 1 day after PCI | 6 | SPECT,Echo | 56 |
| Wöhrle 2013 [23] | 42 | - | - | PCI IC | BMC | 324 × 10^6 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 36 | CMR | 54.6 |
| Herbots 2009 [24] | 67 | 82.1 | 56.5 | PCI IC | BMPC | 304 (128) × 10^6 | Within 1 day after PCI | 4 | MRI | 54.4 |
| Grajek 2010 [25] | 45 | 86.7 | 50.4 | PCI IC | BMSC | 2.34 (1.2) × 10^9 | 4 to 6 days after PCI | 12 | Echo | 50.6 |
| Dill 2009 [26] | 54 | 90.7 | 56.3 | PCI IC | BMC | 236 (174) × 10^6 | 3 to 6 days after PCI | 12 | CMR | 47.8 |
| Wollert 2004 [27] | 60 | 70 | 56.3 | PCI IC | BMC | 24.6 × 10^8 | 4.8 days after PCI | 6 | MRI | 50.7 |
| Roncalli 2011 [28] | 101 | 85.3 | 55.5 | PCI IC | BMC | 98.3 (8.7) × 10^6 | 7 to 10 days after PCI | 3 | RNA | 36.3 |
| Meyer 2009 [29] | 60 | 70 | 56.3 | PCI IC | BMC | 24.6 (9.4) × 10^8 | Mean 4.8 days after PCI | 61 | MRI | 50.7 |
| Schächinger 2006 [30] | 204 | 82 | 56 | PCI IC | BMC | 2.36 (1.74) × 10^8 | Within7days after PCI | 4 | LVangiography | 47.6 |
| Bartunek 2005 [31] | 35 | 91 | 54 | PCI IC | BMPC | 12.6 (2.2) × 10^6 | Mean 11.6 days after PCI | 4 | SPECT | 44.7 |
| Lunde 2006 [32] | 100 | 84 | 57.4 | PCI IC | BMC | 68 × 10^6 | Mean 6 days after PCI | 6 | SPECT | 42 |
| Beitnes 2011 [33] | 100 | 84 | 57.4 | PCI IC | BM-MNC | 68 × 10^6 | Mean 6 days after PCI | 36 | Echo | 46.3 |
| Huang 2006 [34] | 40 | 67.5 | 57 | PCI IC | BM-MNC | 1.8 (4.2) × 10^8 | Within 1 day after PCI | 6 | CMR | 44 |
| Cao 2009 [35] | 86 | 93.2 | 56.8 | PCI IC | BM-MNC | 5 (1.2) × 10^7 | 7 days after PCI | 48 | Echo | 38.8 |
| Hopp 2011 [36] | 28 | 78.5 | 58.6 | PCI IC | BMC | 8.71 × 10^7 | Mean 6 days after PCI | 6 | CMR | 51.7 |
| Yao 2009 [37] | 39 | 84.6 | 52 | PCI IC | BMC | 1.9 (1.2) × 10^8 | 3 to 7 days after PCI | 12 | MRI | 32.4 |
| Meluzín (HD) 2008 [38] | 60 | 91.7 | 54.3 | PCI IC | BMC | 10^8 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 12 | SPECT | 40 |
| Meluzín (LD) 2008 [38] | 60 | 91.7 | 54.3 | PCI IC | BMC | 10^7 | Mean 7 days after PCI | 12 | SPECT | 40.5 |
| Wollert (LD) 2017 [39] | 64 | 87.2 | 53.8 | PCI IC | BMSC | 7.00 × 10^8 | Mean 8.1 days after PCI | 6 | MRI | 45.7 |
| Wollert (HD) 2017 [39] | 59 | 88.1 | 56.1 | PCI IC | BMSC | 20.60 × 10^8 | Mean 8.1 days after PCI | 6 | MRI | 45.8 |
BMC bone marrow-derived cells, BMSCs bone marrow stem cells, BM-MNC bone marrow mononuclear cells, BMPC bone marrow progenitor cell, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, IC intracoronary, Echo echocardiography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, SPECT single-photon emission computed tomography, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction