Figure 4.

AgNPs-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.

Notes: (A) F9 cells were treated with or without 12.5 μg/mL of AgNPs or 6.125 μM of AgNO₃ for 24 h. JC-1 monomer (green) and aggregate (red) formation was measured using flow cytometry. (B) Representative fluorescence images of JC-1 monomer/aggregate formation. (C) The bar graph indicates the JC-1 monomer:JC-1 aggregate formation ratio. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. There was a significant difference observed in the ratio for AgNPs- or AgNO₃-treated cells compared to that for the untreated cells by the Student’s t-test (*P<0.5, and ***P<0.01).

Abbreviation: AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.