Table 1.

Gibb’s four basic concerns present in one’s relationship with others

Concern	Signs that concerns are not resolved	Signs that concerns are resolved	Signs of individual growth	Signs of group growth
Concern about acceptance: The anxiety and fear of “Am I being accepted into this group?” The feeling of distrust of “Am I accepting others?”	Fear and distrust	Acceptance and trust	Acceptance of self and others	A supportive climate, a trusting climate
Concern about data flow: The concern that “I cannot speak freely about my ideas, thoughts, and feelings.”	Polite pretense and cautious measures	Spontaneity and process feedback	Spontaneity and awareness	Practical communication and functional feedback
Concern about goal formation: When goals have not been shared within the group; even if there is a common goal, it is something given by others; there is a gap between the individual goal and the group goal. A situation in which members are not independently tackling goals	Indifference and competition	Creative activity	Integrity and directionality	Goal integration and high degree of flexibility
Concern about social control: Occurs when you cannot have the effect you feel you would like to, or when you feel that you don’t have an effect on the group. As a result, strong control from others leads to abandoning the idea of having an effect on others (dependence) or opposition and rebellion (anti-dependence)	Dependence and anti-dependence	Interdependence and division of roles	Interdependence	Interdependence and construction of participatory behavior

Notes: Data from Bradford et al.¹⁵