Table 2.
Functional assessment at baseline prior to knee arthroplasty and at 1-year follow-up in patients with knee osteoarthritis and controls
| TKA (n=28) | Controls (n=25) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-TKA baseline mean (SD) | Mean change (SD) | Effect size (95 % CI) | Post-TKA mean (SD) | Control group mean (SD) | |
| Gait pattern | |||||
| GDI operated | 87.2 (10.5) | 5.8 (13)* | 0.4 (0.1–0.8) | 93 (9.9) | 96.6 (9) |
| GDI non-operated | 89.3 (12.6) | 4.5 (13.8) | 0.3 (−0.1–0.7) | 93.9 (8.7) | 96.6 (9) |
| GDI-kinetic operated | 90.1 (6.9) | 3.8 (6.9)* | 0.5 (0.1–0.9) | 93.8 (8.4) | 100 (8.6)□ |
| GDI-kinetic non-operated | 87.9 (8.3) | 6.7 (7.8)‡ | 0.9 (0.4–1.3) | 94.7 (8.6) | 100 (8.6)□ |
| Walking speed (m/s) | 1.11 (0.20) | 0.07 (0.15)* | 0.5 (0.1–0.8) | 1.17 (0.18) | 1.30 (0.18)* |
| ND walking speed | 0.37 (0.07) | 0.02 (0.05)* | 0.5 (0.1–0.9) | 0.40 (0.06) | 0.44 (0.06)* |
| Self-reported function | |||||
| KOOS (0–100) | |||||
| Pain | 45.3 (15.2) | 32.7 (22)‡ | 1.5 (0.9–2.0) | 78 (20.6) | 96.9 (5.3)‡ |
| Symptoms | 41.2 (20.5) | 34.6 (23.1)‡ | 1.5 (1.0–2-0) | 75.9 (18.3) | 94.9 (6.7)‡ |
| ADL | 57.2 (15.3) | 23.8 (17.9)‡ | 0.8 (0.4–1.2) | 81.1 (19.1) | 96.3 (6.3)‡ |
| Sport/Rec | 22 (21.8) | 17.1 (28.3)□ | 0.6 (0.2–1.0) | 39.1 (27) | 89.6 (14.9)‡ |
| Knee-related QoL | 28.1 (12) | 33.6 (23.5)‡ | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 61.6 (26.8) | 90.5 (13.8)‡ |
| EQ-5D | |||||
| Score (−0.594–1) | 0.61 (0.22) | 0.14 (0.27)□ | 0.5 (0.1–0.9) | 0.75 (0.26) | 0.93 (0.1)‡ |
| Performance-based function | |||||
| 5STS, s | 14.5 (4.2) | −1.6 (4.4)□ | 0.6 (0.2–1.0) | 12.8 (4.8) | 9.9 (2.9)□ |
TKA total knee arthroplasty; SD standard deviation; CI confidence interval; n number; GDI Gait Deviation Index; ND non-dimensionalized; KOOS Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; ADL activities of daily living; Sport/Rec sport and recreation; QoL quality of life, EQ-5D EuroQol 5 Dimensions; 5STS Five Times Sit-to-Stand. Parametric and nonparametric statistics were used; paired samples t test and Wilcoxon Sign rank test to compare pre- and post-operative results within the TKA group; independent samples t test and Mann Whitney U test to calculate differences between TKA group post-operatively and controls, which are reported in the column for control group mean. Level of significance set to * p < 0.05, □ p < 0.01, ‡ p < 0.001