Table 1.
Differences between benign and malignant tumours for each heterogeneity parameter at 1.5 and 4 h post-injection of 18F-FDG and for percentage change in values between 1.5 and 4 h
| Parameter | Benign (1.5 h) median (range) |
Malignant (1.5 h) median (range) |
p value benign vs malignant (1.5 h) |
Benign (4 h) median (range) |
Malignant (4 h) median (range) |
p value benign vs malignant (4 h) |
% change median (range) |
p value benign vs malignant (% change) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SUVmax | 2.28 (0.89–4.49) | 7.01 (3.12–30.8) | <0.0001 | 1.98 (0.8–4.66) | 8.24 (3.56–30.8) | <0.0001 | −6.3% (−133.3–56.8) | 0.082 |
| SUVmean | 1.06 (0.5–1.85) | 3.07 (1.34–8.89) | <0.0001 | 0.81 (0.41–1.44) | 3.1 (1.24–9.1) | <0.0001 | 12.3% (−168.8–52.4) | 0.005 |
| SUVpeak | 1.66 (0.72–3.04) | 5.98 (2.41–23.38) | <0.0001 | 1.43 (0.7–2.65) | 6.14 (2.58–23.3) | <0.0001 | 4.1% (−118.6–53.4) | 0.019 |
| SD | 0.28 (0.12–0.82) | 1.26 (0.35–5.05) | <0.0001 | 0.29 (0.12–0.72) | 1.33 (0.43–5.12) | <0.0001 | −8.5% (153.5–55.0) | 0.17 |
| First-order entropy | 0.68 (0.17–1.18) | 1.56 (0.44–4.76) | <0.0001 | 0.69 (0.12–1.15) | 1.62 (0.67–2.99) | <0.0001 | −4.6% (−186.0–71.1) | 0.6 |
| First-order uniformity | 0.56 (0.39–0.92) | 0.25 (0.04–0.78) | <0.0001 | 0.54 (0.37–0.95) | 0.245 (0.06–0.65) | <0.0001 | 5.3% (−638.6–58.3) | 0.37 |
| GLCM contrast | 36.6 (15.9–107.5) | 36.1 (8.4–140.1) | 0.78 | 42.2 (11.7–146.2) | 39.3 (5.4–98.5) | 0.35 | --6.4% (−207.5–70.6) | 0.42 |
| GLCM entropy | 5.79 (4.39–6.22) | 6.05 (4.7–6.46) | 0.12 | 5.67 (4.91–6.29) | 5.88 (4.17–6.44) | 0.034 | 1.3% (−35.1–15.6) | 0.81 |
| GLCM uniformity | 0.02 (0.01–0.05) | 0.02 (0.01–0.06) | 0.99 | 0.02 (0.01–0.05) | 0.02 (0.01–0.1) | 0.54 | −4.8% (−177.7–75.8) | 0.55 |
| GLCM homogeneity | 0.72 (0.0.53–0.81) | 0.73 (0.55–0.89) | 0.32 | 0.73 (0.56–0.85) | 0.74 (0.5–0.91) | 0.44 | −0.7% (−19.1–21.0) | 0.19 |
| NGTDM coarseness | 5.85 (4.26–10.59) | 10.28 (5.47–17.37) | <0.0001 | 6.15 (3.98–10.71) | 9.16 (6.06–15.3) | <0.0001 | 3.6% (−66.1–42.2) | 0.53 |
| NGTDM contrast | 0.17 (0.05–0.59) | 0.14 (0.02–0.43) | 0.047 | 0.15 (0.06–0.46) | 0.107 (0.008–0.343) | 0.23 | 10.6% (−212.8–68.9) | 0.9 |
| NGTDM busyness | 3.2 (0.67–22.47) | 6.82 (1.68–32.89) | 0.005 | 3.66 (0.78–19.21) | 8.54 (1.44–33.32) | 0.013 | −10.3% (−314.8–89.2) | 0.58 |
| NGTDM complexity | 0.19 (0.02–2.0) | 0.04 (0.01–0.63) | 0.001 | 0.17 (0.03–1.55) | 0.043 (0.005–0.598) | <0.0001 | −5.3% (−1354–88.6) | 0.97 |
| SUVmax/NGTDM contrast | 12.6 (2.1–55.8) | 56.4 (20.2–1137.2) | <0.001 | 14.8 (2.9–77.3) | 77.3 (26.0–3685.9) | <0.001 | −12.9% (−294.7–82.8) | 0.54 |
SUV standardised uptake value, SD standard deviation, GLCM grey-level co-occurrence matrix, NGTDM neighbourhood grey-tone difference matrix