Table 2.

Levels of AFB₁ contamination in grain/kernels of selected crops from a semi-arid agroecology of central of Tanzania based on AFB₁ levels in fresh sample material and AFB₁ levels in stored sample material and frequency of aflatoxigenic A. flavus

Village	Frequency of aflatoxigenic A. flavus (n/N)	Crops	AFB1 in fresh sample		AFB1 in stored sample		t test
			Mean ± SE	Maximum	Mean ± SE	Maximum	t statistic
Chitego	84 (45/53)	Bambara nut	1.5 ± 0.69	10.7	38.07 ± 5.94	74.8	6.11**
		Groundnut	12.0 ± 20.7	62.0	21.9 ± 14.4	56.1	4.7**
		Maize	na	na	na	na	na
		Sorghum	7.6 ± 6.4	23.4	9.1 ± 6.7	62.5	0.15 ns
		Sunflower	4.8 ± 1.5	43.0	19.0 ± 12.2	605	1.15 ns
Laikala	36 (10/28)	Bambara nut	1.3 ± 0.46	13.7	3.96 ± 1.0	14.3	2.72**
		Groundnut	32.0 ± 66.4	278.0	84.9 ± 114.4	427.0	2.7*
		Maize	0.09 ± 0.1	1.2	0.76 ± 0.17	2.4	3.64**
		Sorghum	0.35 ± 0.2	10.7	2.7 ± 1.3	29.8	1.7 ns
		Sunflower	1.76 ± 1.7	63.0	61.1	489.3	1.5 ns
Mlali	50 (22/44)	Bambara nut	35 ± 114.0	411.4	207.3 ± 206.0	567.8	2.28*
		Groundnut	21.8 ± 14.1	84.8	85.4 ± 99.0	298.2	5.2**
		Maize	0.03 ± 0.01	12.2	2.8 ± 1.2	21.9	2.17*
		Sorghum	1.00 ± 0.3	10.0	25.7 ± 17.3	70.0	1.43*
		Sunflower	1.7 ± 0.6	26.0	4.9 ± 1.7	43.7	1.76*
Moleti	50 (10/20)	Bambara nut	0.7 ± 1.3	75.0	29.2 ± 24.7	105.0	6.1**
		Groundnut	48.2 ± 41.06	868.2	377.3 ± 163.7	3297.3	1.95*
		Maize	0.9 ± 2.3	2.3	4.2 ± 9.5	43	2.76*
		Sorghum	0.9 ± 0.5	2.0	9.4 ± 3.5	73.9	2.3*
		Sunflower	1.0 ± 0.3	2.7	99.9 ± 20.6	425.4	4.8**
Njoro	71 (35/49)	Bambara nut	1.7 ± 1.4	4.4	41.6 ± 22.6	215.5	2.4*
		Groundnut	15.6 ± 6.3	145.4	289.7 ± 75.0	1178.8	3.64**
		Maize	1.1 ± 0.5	23.8	2.5 ± 0.5	29.2	1.71*
		Sorghum	3.5 ± 0.45	10.0	93.3 ± 12.3	138.7	3.7*
		Sunflower	6.9 ± 5.9	294.8	82.0 ± 21.3	294.8	3.95**

AFB1 contamination was estimated using ELISA (Monyo et al. 2012), which has a lower detection limit of 1 μg/kg

*denotes p value < 0.05 and ns denotes p value ≥ 0.05

**denotes p value < 0.01