Table 3.
Annual costs for medical service utilisation and sick leave days a
| GP visits (n = 9,049) | Internist visits (n = 9,049) | ‘Other’ doctor visits (n = 9,049) | Hospital in-patient (n = 9,047) | Hospital out-patient (n = 7,206) | Rehabilitation (n = 7,208) | Medication (n = 9,070) | Sick leave days b (n = 3,630) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal weight (reference) | ||||||||
| Adjusted mean, EUR (95% Cl) Factor |
78 (71–84) 1.00 |
45 (34–61) 1.00 |
151 (137–167) 1.00 |
908 (743–1,108) 1.00 |
17 (13–22) 1.00 |
121 (95–154) 1.00 |
422 (357–498) 1.00 |
927 (800–1,075) 1.00 |
|
| ||||||||
| Pre-obese | ||||||||
| Factor (95% Cl) |
1.12*
(1.00–1.24) |
0.82 (0.58–1.14) |
1.07 (0.94–1.21) |
1.00 (0.76–1.31) |
1.20 (0.85–1.69) |
0.82 (0.60–1.13) |
1.25 (1.00–1.56) |
1.53***
(1.25–1.87) |
|
| ||||||||
| Obese level I | ||||||||
| Factor (95% Cl) |
1.22**
(1.08–1.38) |
1.31 (0.80–2.15) |
1.06 (0.92–1.21) |
1.14 (0.87–1.48) |
1.15 (0.73–1.79) |
1.04 (0.71–1.53) |
1.38**
(1.13–1.69) |
1.71***
(1.29–2.26) |
|
| ||||||||
| Obese level II | ||||||||
| Factor (95% Cl) |
1.63***
(1.32–2.01) |
1.32 (0.85–2.06) |
1.23*
(1.01–1.51) |
1.49 (0.99–2.23) |
1.83 (0.79–4.23) |
1.00 (0.63–1.60) |
(1.40–2.25) | 1.46 (0.97–2.19) |
|
| ||||||||
| Obese level III | ||||||||
| Factor (95% Cl) |
2.16***
(1.70–2.75) |
1.54 (0.74–3.20) |
1.29 (0.95–1.75) |
2.16*
(1.16–4.03) |
0.95 (0.41–2.17) |
1.24 (0.58–2.67) |
2.63***
(1.99–3.46) |
2.82**
(1.52–5.26) |
a
GEE gamma regression model with log link; all results adjusted for gender, age, age2, education and income. Normal weight: 18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2, pre-obese 25 kg/m2 ≤BMI < 30 kg/m2, obese level I 30 kg/m2≤ BMI < 35 kg/m2, obesity level II 35 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 40 kg/m2, obese level III BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2.
b
For those aged <65 years and in regular full/part-time employment.
*
Significant at the 5% level.
**
Significant at the 1% level.
***
Significant at the 0.1% level.