Table 3.

Challenges and recommendation to improve the fit of D&I training programs to needs

Challenges of mapping training needs to programs	Recommendations
Balancing between core components and specialization	1. Tracks within programs could allow for specialization for health topic, context 2. Specialists could adapt core materials for given audience
Rapid pace of field development	1. Clearinghouse could host new materials as created. 2. Online virtual community could permit wiki-like updating of course materials
Follow-up/Sustainability of training outcomes	1. Linkage of course to ongoing activities (e.g. NCI Advanced Webinars; CIPRS/VA webinars) 2. Training “Graduate” Forums at large D&I conferences 3. Online networking via linkedin/facebook/researchgate
Increasing supply to meet demand	1. Train the trainer model could foster satellite trainings at “graduate” institutions 2. MOOCs/Online courses could expand reach, increase efficiency of training
Sequencing of training vs. complementarity	1. Training programs should specify inclusion/exclusion criteria in relation to one another 2. A field-wide strategy should articulate the complementarity of different training programs (see Proctor et al. paper, in preparation)