Fig. 2.

Nomothetic and Idiographic Integration Checklist Step 1: Goals Objective: Determine how key study questions can be answered by idiographic (intra-unit) and/or nomothetic (inter-unit) comparisons. Q1a: For each study question (can be primary and secondary, for instance) are you interested in how a unit performs relative to other units or to itself? (select all that apply for each study question) Itself = idiographic Other units = nomothetic Q1b: For each study question, do you want to focus on understanding a process in depth and/or testing specific processes? (select all that apply for each study question) Process in depth = idiographic Specific process = nomothetic Step 2: Design Objective: Determine the research design to incorporate both idiographic and nomothetic data with intentional decisions about structure and function. Q2a: Structure – Timing: Will the two data approaches be obtained sequentially or simultaneously? (select one) Sequentially = ➔ Simultaneously = + Q2b: Structure – Weighting: Will one data approach be emphasized over the other? (select one) Single emphasis or weighting, one approach is “primary” = IDIO/nomo or NOMO/idio Dual emphasis or equivalent weighting, both approaches are “primary” = IDIO and NOMO Q2c: Function: What is the functional purpose of integrating these approaches? (select one) Are both approaches used to answer the same question? = Convergence Are both approaches used to answer a related question or series of questions? = Complementarity Evaluation: when one approach is used to answer questions raised by the other Elaboration: when one approach provides an in-depth understanding of the other Is one approach used to build on questions raised by the other? = Expansion Is one approach used to contribute to or develop new research products (e.g., measures models, interventions)? = Development Is one approach used to define or identify the participant sample for collection and analysis of data representing the other? = Sampling Step 3: Feasibility and Practicality Objective: Ensure measurement attends to context. Q3a: Does your design and its measurement satisfy all of the following questions: Is the measure feasible for stakeholders? Is the measure relevant to stakeholders? Will the data be actionable