Table 2.

Community-engaged dissemination and implementation (CEDI) domains and competencies

Domain	Competencies
Perceived value of CE in D&I research: The researcher’s attitude toward the potential for enhancing D&I research processes and outcomes through community engagement	1. Believe that partnership with the community can help to effectively address barriers to implementation and generate strategies to implement effective services 2. Believe that partnership with the community better enables answers to clinical questions and improves the impact of the research through policy change and bridging the gap between research and practice 3. Believe the partnership can produce valuable non-research benefits to the community (e.g., workforce development)
Introspection and openness: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to examine their own preconceptions and to be receptive of others’ beliefs and opinions	1. Engage in self-reflection about one’s own cultural background and how it shapes one’s views of health and health care 2. Examine one’s own preconceived notions about specific cultures and populations represented in the community (e.g., notions formed through life experiences, previous research findings) 3. Recognize cultural differences between oneself and community representatives and avoid making assumptions about similarities in culture, experiences, and values 4. Practice cultural humility
Knowledge of community characteristics: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to learn about the community’s characteristics and prior experiences	1. Define the stakeholder community (or communities) one wants to engage 2. Map stakeholders within the community (e.g., identify stakeholders, analyze relationships, identify communication preferences) 3. Identify representatives of each stakeholder group and investigate the rules of engagement among these organizations/groups 4. Meet with community stakeholders in the community setting 5. Examine demographics and aspects of diversity within the community 6. Examine the social determinants of health in the community (i.e., economic stability, education, health and healthcare, neighborhood and built environment) and how they influence perceptions of problems, priorities, and solutions related to health and health systems 7. Examine key historical events, customs, and power dynamics in the community, in the context of social determinants 8. Perform a needs assessment to identify community needs and priorities 9. Identify strengths within the community that can support and sustain change intended to improve health
Appreciation for stakeholder’s experience with and attitudes toward research: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to assess how the community’s research attitudes and experiences may affect the partnership	1. Examine the community’s attitudes toward research—including the process of research, the types of evidence that they value, and their views of the products of research, such as evidence-based practices and guidelines 2. Investigate the community’s past and current research efforts to implement change(s) that would improve its circumstances 3. Examine the community’s perceptions of the partnering researcher and/or their academic institution
Preparing the partnership for collaborative decision-making: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to organize the partnership in a way that facilitate dialogues, collective decision-making, and coordinated action	1. Acknowledge the expertise in facilitation and mobilization that community stakeholders have 2. Observe the partner’s formal and informal process for decision-making 3. Obtain commitment from community organizations and leaders to co-create processes for decision-making and mobilizing the community 4. Collaboratively outline the responsibilities of both community members and researchers
Collaborative planning for the research design and goals: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to adapt to the attitudes and needs of community stakeholders when defining the research process	1. Collaboratively select an implementation framework or theory and decide how to use it to guide specific intervention, evaluation, and dissemination activities within the research 2. Collaboratively adapt interventions and implementation outcomes to meet the needs and preferences of the community 3. Collaboratively select the implementation outcomes and health outcomes of interest as well as indicators to assess progress toward the outcomes 4. Co-create a timeline with meaningful benchmarks for both the community and academic partner 5. Work with stakeholders to integrate research needs within current processes and minimize data collection burden for stakeholders
Communication effectiveness: The researchers’ willingness and/or ability to clearly present ideas, listen to community partners, and work through issues	1. Use plain language in discussions with community partners 2. Use language that is culturally sensitive 3. Engage in active listening during discussions 4. Engage in productive conflict resolution techniques 5. Clarify misunderstandings respectfully
Equitable distribution of resources and credit: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to share resources for conducting the research and credit for outcomes of the research	1. Provide the community with financial resources needed to engage effectively in the research 2. Promote equity in resource distribution across all partners, including between the community partner and the researcher’s institution as well as between community stakeholder groups participating in the partnership 3. Share credit for successes by inviting community partners to participate in presentations of the research and acknowledging the community’s role in publications and media coverage
Sustaining the partnership: The researcher’s willingness and/or ability to invest in a long-term relationship with community stakeholders	1. Incorporate capacity building into the partnership so that stakeholders learn new skills and develop new capabilities for the future 2. Seek external funding for the partnership to become self-sustaining 3. Collaboratively plan for future research projects 4. Commit time and effort to addressing stakeholder needs beyond the scope of the research agenda by volunteering in the community and connecting stakeholders with other individuals and resources