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. 2017 Oct 13;8:749. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00749

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Copyright © 2017 Ticcinelli, Stankovski, Iatsenko, Bernjak, Bradbury, Gallagher, Clarkson, McClintock and Stefanovska.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Decomposition into oscillatory modes. (A) Typical time windows of the signals, their wavelet transforms, and their averaged power spectra. The central frequency of each oscillation is shown for ECG (red) and respiration (orange). (B) A 250-s window of the LDF signal from the same subject is shown in the top panel. The time-frequency evolutions of the modes extracted by NMD (second panel) are indicated by color with heart-rate red, respiration orange, and myogenic brown. The time evolutions of the extracted modes are plotted below, with the same color-code.