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Anterior apprehension test and relocation test. The shoulder is held in a position of 90º of abduction with the elbow at 90º of flexion and external rotation is applied from there until the patient feels pain or becomes apprehensive (a & b). Then, a posteriorly directed force is applied on the anterior aspect of the shoulder (c). The examiner should notice if the patient experiences relief of apprehension or just relief of pain in order to consider it positive.
