Table 2.

Select Characteristics of Control subjects by Telomere Length (Quartiles)^a

Characteristic	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4
	≤0.92	>0.92-≤1.07	>1.07-≤1.21	>1.21
Telomere Length	0.85	1.02	1.14	1.32
Age, years	58	58.2	57.9	57.6
BMI	25.7	25.4	25.9	26.1
Smoking history
Total cigarettes smoked	20.0	20.0	20.0	20.0
Years of smoking	39.0	39.0	37.0	36.0
Pack-years of smoking	35.0	34.0	35.0	30.0
Medical History
Diabetes mellitus	5.2	3.1	2.3	6.8
Pancreatitis	1.2	0.6	1.2	0.0
Gallstones	6.9	5.6	6.4	3.1
Peptic Ulcers	16.7	12.9	20.5	17.8
Primary education or less, %	78.6	82.7	71.9	80.4
Living in city, %	53.8	46.9	49.1	38.7
Daily dietary intakebc
Energy, kcal	2602.9	2590.4	2632.1	2528.2
Total fat, g	123.0	121.2	122.2	124.6
Saturated fat, g	53.5	51.4	52.2	53.1
Carbohydrate, g	268.0	271.4	265.8	272.3
Protein, g	94.2	94.2	93.6	94.7
Folate, ug	330.1	327.4	333.2	323.7
Alcohol, g	11.9	10.7	13.6	8.3
Physical Activity
Occupational activity
Sedentary	11.5	14.5	13.1	15.5
Moderate	31.7	30.5	31.4	39.8
Heavy	7.8	7.7	11	6.5
Not working	48.9	47.3	44.5	38.2
Leisure activity
Sedentary	33.1	32.0	35.9	44.7
Light or moderate	58.3	58	54.7	48.8
Exercising to keep fit	8.6	9.9	9.5	6.5
Baseline Serum Concentrationb
Alpha-tocopherol, ug/L	11.3	12.0	12.0	11.7
Beta-Carotene, ug/L	169.0	190.0	193.5	195.0
Retinol, ug/L	553.0	575.0	602.0	566.0
Randomization Group
Alpha-Tocopherol (AT)	26.6	24.4	29.9	23.6
Beta-Carotene (BC)	22.3	27.5	23.4	27.6
ATBC	28.1	21.4	24.1	25.2
Placebo	23	26.7	22.6	23.6

^aBased on Total number of controls n=650, where quartile 1(Q1)=170, Q2=159, Q3=168; Q4=163 controls; median values are presented for continuous variables and percentages are reported for categorical variables.

^bNumber of controls=622

^cAdjusted for Energy Intake