Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Profile at 14 Years
| All Subjects | ANCS | No ANCS | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Characteristics | N = 173 | 92 (53%) | 81 (47%) |
|
| |||
| Male | 78 (45%) | 44 (48%) | 34 (42%) |
| Black | 74 (43%) | 27 (29%)* | 47 (58%) |
| Maternal Hypertension | 63 (36%) | 40 (43%)* | 23 (28%) |
| GA (weeks) | 27.8 (2.6) | 27.7 (2.4) | 27.9 (2.9) |
| Birth Weight (g) | 1053 (265) | 1033 (269) | 1075 (261) |
| Birth Weight z Score | −0.29 (0.84) | −0.35 (0.74) | −0.22 (0.93) |
| SGA | 21 (12%) | 9 (10%) | 12 (15%) |
| Height (cm) | 161.6 (9.3) | 163.2 (8.9)* | 159.8 (9.5) |
| Weight (kg) | 56.0 [47.5, 69.5] | 56.6 [48.7, 68.6] | 56.0 [46.3, 71.8] |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.1 [18.6, 26.5] | 20.5 [18.4, 26.0] | 22.5 [19.0, 26.6] |
| Overweight/Obese | 60 (35%) | 28 (30%) | 32 (40%) |
| Waist-to-Height Ratio | 0.46 [0.42, 0.53] | 0.45 [0.42, 0.51] | 0.48 [0.43, 0.54] |
| Sexual Maturity Ratinga | 4.5 [4.0, 5.0] | 4.5 [4.0, 5.0] | 4.5 [4.0, 5.0] |
| Systolic Blood Pressure | 106.3 (9.9) | 107.2 (10.4) | 105.2 (9.2) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure z Score | −0.40 (0.89) | −0.36 (0.98) | −0.45 (0.79) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure | 61.3 (8.9) | 61.6 (8.9) | 60.9 (8.9) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure z Score | −0.28 (0.78) | −0.26 (0.79) | −0.29 (0.77) |
| Urinary RAAS Profile | N = 173 | n = 92 | n = 81 |
|
| |||
| Ang-(1–7) (pmol/L) | 70.1 [48.6, 94.8] | 70.9 [44.6, 94.4] | 68.7 [49.0, 98.4] |
| Ang-(1–7)/Creatinine (pmol/g) | 0.41 [0.31, 0.59] | 0.39 [0.29, 0.61] | 0.43 [0.33, 0.57] |
| Ang II (pmol/L) | 9.3 [6.3, 15.3] | 10.5 [6.5, 16.6] | 8.7 [5.9, 13.8] |
| Ang II/Creatinine (pmol/g) | 0.05 [0.04, 0.1] | 0.06 [0.04, 0.11] | 0.05 [0.03, 0.1] |
| Ang II/Ang-(1–7) | 0.15 [0.1, 0.23] | 0.17 [0.1, 0.27]* | 0.14 [0.1, 0.19] |
| Plasma RAAS Profile | N = 120 | n = 70 | n = 50 |
|
| |||
| PRA (pmol Ang I/L/h) | 2.4 [1.2, 3.2] | 2.5 [1.4, 3.2] | 1.9 [1.0, 3.0] |
| Aldosterone (pmol/L) | 9.9 [5.3, 14.1] | 9.9 [6.2, 13.3] | 9.9 [4.3, 17.8] |
| ARR (pmol/L per pmol Ang I/L/h) | 4.2 [3.0, 6.6] | 4.1 [3.1, 6.2] | 4.6 [2.5, 8.7] |
| Ang-(1–7) (pmol/L) | 5.6 [2.9, 13.5] | 9.0 [2.6, 14.7]* | 2.7 [1.4, 7.0] |
| Ang II (pmol/L) | 21.5 [16.7, 32.1] | 22.3 [17.1, 33.3] | 21.0 [15.6, 29.1] |
| Ang II/Ang-(1–7) | 3.7 [1.9, 6.8] | 3.0 [1.6, 7.8]* | 6.3 [3.5, 13.3] |
N (%), mean (SD), median [IQR].
a
n = 154.
*
Denotes significant difference between groups with p <0.05 by chi-square test, t-test, or Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test.