Table 3.
Biosensors available for foodborne virus detection
| Technologies | Analytes | Detection limits | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrochemical with gold & ConA | Norovirus | 35 copies/mL | 11 |
| Silicon nanowire field-effect transistor | Norovirus | 1 fM | 99 |
| Label-free G-quadruplex nanotweezer | Norovirus | 4 nM | 100 |
| Thioglycolic CdZnSeS quantum dot | Norovirus | 8.2 copies/mL | 101 |
| Label-free electrochemical nanogold | Rotavirus | 2.3 PFU/mL | 121 |
| Electrochemical chip-based | Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses | 1.0 ng/mL | 106 |
| Label-free micro-electro cantilevers | Hepatitis A & C viruses | 1.66 pM | 107 |
| Resonance light scattering | Hepatitis A virus | 8.6 pM | 108 |
| Impedimetric zeolite nanocrystals | Hepatitis B virus | 50 copies/mL | 109 |
| SPR methacrylamide biointerface | Hepatitis B virus | 0.3 ng/mL | 110 |
| Label-free electrochemical nanohybrid | Hepatitis B virus | 0.03 ng/mL | 22 |
| Electrochemical double -deck gold | Hepatitis B virus | 3.3 fM | 111 |
| Microarray-based nanogold | Hepatitis E virus | 100 fM | 112 |
| Electrochemical magnetic beads | Avian influenza virus | 1 ng/mL | 113 |
| Dual-color homogenous | Human enterovirus | 12 µg/mL | 114 |
| SPR organic light emitting portable | Human enterovirus | 4.8 pg/mL | 115 |