SEC purification of DOTA-cys-DB-LNP. (A) SEC analysis of DOTA-anti-PSMA diabody (DOTA-cys-DB). A major peak was observed at 30 minutes. (B) Conjugation of reduced DOTA-cys-DB to the BrAc derivative of DSPE-PEG2000-NH2 (LNP) and purification by SEC. The peaks at 16 and 18 minutes correspond to DOTA-cys-DB-LNP and the peak at 30 minutes to unconjugated DOTA-cys-DB. cys-DB, cys-diabody; Dox, doxorubicin; DSPE-PEG, distearoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol; LNP, lipid nanoparticle; PSMA, prostate-specific membrane antigen; SEC, size-exclusion chromatography.