Appendix Table 4.
Predicted Spousal Age Gap by Timing of Marriage, Migration and Spousal Citizenship and Region: Noncitizen Male Respondents.
| Men Respondents | Unweighted Number of Cases | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Spouse is a Citizen at Marriage | Spouse is a Non-Citizen at Marriage | ||||
|
| |||||
| Marry Before/On Arrival | Marry After Arrival | Marry Before/On Arrival | Marry After Arrival | ||
|
| |||||
| CANADA | 1.69 | 2.67 | 2.06 | 2.67 ** | 1,934 |
| LATIN AMERICA/CARIBEAN | 0.58 *** | 1.32 *** | 3.18 *** | 2.80 *** | 29,440 |
| Mexico | 1.45 *** | 1.48 *** | 3.17 *** | 2.55 *** | 19,137 |
| Central America | −0.13 *** | 0.78 *** | 3.60 ** | 2.82 *** | 5,552 |
| Cuba | −1.44 ** | 1.19 ** | 3.93 + | 3.06 *** | 1,334 |
| West Indies | −0.05 *** | 1.33 *** | 2.45 *** | 4.00 *** | 3,417 |
| SOUTH AMERICA | 0.76 *** | 0.95 *** | 2.99 | 2.78 *** | 5,309 |
| NORTHERN/WESTERN EUROPE | 1.41 * | 2.09 | 2.31 | 2.27 *** | 4,265 |
| Sweden | 1.37 | 1.80 | 2.12 | 1.19 ** | 131 |
| UK | 1.77 | 2.42 | 2.56 | 2.46 *** | 2,787 |
| France | 0.91 | 0.62 + | 1.30 | 1.65 ** | 578 |
| Netherlands | 0.53 | 2.27 | 2.57 | 1.16 *** | 250 |
| Denmark/Norway/Finland/Iceland | 1.36 | 3.66 | 2.19 | 3.33 * | 221 |
| Switzerland/Belgium/Austria | 0.65 + | 0.87 * | 3.61 | 3.06 | 298 |
| SOUTHERN EUROPE | 1.96 ** | 1.89 ** | 3.33 | 3.51 ** | 1,142 |
| Albania | 3.18 | 0.03 ** | 5.90 + | 3.92 | 148 |
| Greece | 3.94 | 1.57 | 4.52 | 3.20 | 148 |
| Italy | 2.35 | 2.98 | 2.92 | 2.59 ** | 424 |
| Spain | −0.38 ** | 0.54 * | 2.01 | 2.73 * | 422 |
| CENTRAL/EASTERN EUROPE | 1.34 *** | 0.79 *** | 2.69 * | 3.32 *** | 2,822 |
| Bulgaria | 3.05 | 0.47 + | 2.30 | 2.63 ** | 195 |
| Czechoslovakia | −0.80 * | 0.27 ** | 1.20 * | 3.60 | 158 |
| Germany | 1.57 ** | 1.29 *** | 3.12 | 3.72 ** | 971 |
| Hungary | 2.93 | −1.01 * | 2.54 | 2.26 * | 112 |
| Poland | 2.67 | 1.43 ** | 2.40 + | 3.25 | 665 |
| Romania | 1.58 + | −0.14 ** | 2.38 | 3.07 * | 363 |
| Yugoslavia | 0.34 ** | 0.65 *** | 3.32 | 3.52 | 358 |
| RUSSIA/BALTIC STATES | 0.53 *** | 1.42 *** | 3.19 + | 3.78 + | 1,521 |
| EAST ASIA | 1.06 *** | 1.31 *** | 2.35 | 2.55 *** | 6,102 |
| China | 0.67 *** | 1.12 *** | 2.50 | 2.55 *** | 3,787 |
| Japan | 1.02 | 0.88 | 1.94 | 2.21 *** | 660 |
| Korea | 1.02 ** | 1.60 + | 2.07 | 2.36 *** | 1,403 |
| Other Asia | 4.00 | 2.66 | 3.66 | 3.99 | 252 |
| SOUTH EAST ASIA | 0.45 *** | 1.68 *** | 2.77 | 3.03 *** | 3,666 |
| Cambodia | 1.98 | 2.50 | 4.56 | 3.04 | 107 |
| Indonesia | −0.02 + | 2.20 | 3.25 | 2.96 ** | 208 |
| Malaysia | 3.09 | 3.39 | 2.49 | 2.33 | 159 |
| Philippines | 0.34 *** | 1.17 ** | 2.36 | 2.61 *** | 2,055 |
| Thailand | 3.38 | 0.15 | 3.51 | 2.23 | 192 |
| Vietnam | 1.00 *** | 2.47 ** | 3.47 | 4.33 * | 802 |
| INDIA/SOUTHWEST ASIA | 1.54 *** | 1.93 *** | 3.44 *** | 3.78 *** | 12,044 |
| Afghanistan | 2.33 * | 3.69 + | 4.91 | 6.34 | 11,173 |
| India | 1.57 *** | 1.85 *** | 3.46 ** | 3.75 *** | 414 |
| Iran | 1.83 * | 2.54 ** | 3.00 * | 4.91 * | 348 |
| Nepal | 1.88 | 2.83 | 4.04 | 3.99 *** | 109 |
| MIDDLE EAST/ASIA MINOR | 2.20 *** | 2.10 *** | 4.37 | 4.08 *** | 2,165 |
| Iraq | 3.71 | 4.55 | 5.34 | 4.14 ** | 376 |
| Israel | 2.03 | 0.83 ** | 1.88 + | 3.38 | 366 |
| Jordan | 5.03 | 2.86 * | 7.29 | 6.14 | 160 |
| Lebanon | 3.04 * | 2.89 * | 5.51 | 5.76 | 223 |
| Saudi | 1.48 + | 2.30 | 3.86 | 3.73 ** | 225 |
| Syria | 1.54 * | 4.36 + | 5.91 | 6.40 | 137 |
| Turkey | −1.07 ** | 0.86 ** | 2.31 | 2.84 ** | 480 |
| Yemen | 4.17 | 3.92 | 3.88 | 3.82 + | 198 |
| AFRICA | 0.38 *** | 2.29 *** | 5.47 * | 4.89 *** | 4,574 |
| Nigeria | 2.14 *** | 3.14 ** | 4.79 | 5.05 *** | 679 |
| Ethiopia | 1.24 *** | 0.45 ** | 5.61 | 4.79 *** | 351 |
| Egypt/UAE | −1.07 *** | 2.24 ** | 5.28 | 5.79 | 464 |
| Ghana | 0.27 ** | 3.16 | 5.59 + | 4.14 *** | 539 |
| Kenya | 2.40 | 3.11 | 5.61 *** | 3.19 *** | 422 |
| Morocco | −1.76 *** | 1.79 *** | 5.29 | 5.69 *** | 402 |
| South Africa | 1.92 | 2.18 | 5.59 | 3.81 ** | 397 |
| Other Africa | −0.46 *** | 1.75 *** | 5.73 | 5.55 ** | 1,320 |
| AUSTRALIA | 1.41 | 1.55 | 2.63 | 1.55 ** | 729 |
Predicted age gap based on regression models including age at marriage, years of education and an indicator of remarriage.
***
p<.001;
**
p<.01;
*
p<.05;
+
p<.10