Characterization of a-MBMs. (A) Agarose gel electrophoresis of MBs (Lane 1), MBs with synthetic complementary target (cDNA; Lane 2), a-MBMs (Lane 3), and a-MBMs with cDNA (Lane 4). (B) TEM images of a-MBMs (top) and a-MBM-DOXs (down) after negative staining by 2% aqueous uranyl acetate. (C) DLS and (D) Zeta-potential measurements of a-MBMs, a-MBMs with cDNA, a-MBMs with non-complementary target (rDNA), and a-MBM-DOXs.