Table 2.

Patient characteristics and outcomes

Characteristics	N	Complete genotyping	N	Incomplete genotyping	p†
Gender, Male (%)	351	220 (62.7%)	85	56 (65.9%)	0.62
Race, White (%)	351	288 (82.1%)	85	68 (80.0%)	0.44
Birth weight (kg)	351	3.13 ± 0.53	85	3.13 ± 0.53	0.96
Gestational age (weeks)	344	38 ± 1	83	38 ± 2	0.38
Identifiable syndrome (%)	150	22 (14.7%)	19	3 (15.8%)	1.00
Aortic atresia (%)	351	215 (61.3%)	85	50 (58.8%)	0.71
Obstructed PVR (%)	351	10 (2.8%)	85	1 (1.2%)	0.70
Age at Norwood (days)	351	6 ± 4	85	6 ± 4	0.12
Age at stage II palliation (days)	276	162 ± 53	75	164 ± 77	0.78
Total CPB time (mins)	351	139 ± 51	85	140 ± 43	0.86
DHCA time (mins)	324	33 ± 21	76	31 ± 18	0.27
MBTS (%)	351	170 (48.4%)	85	44 (51.8%)	0.63
RVPAS (%)	351	183 (52.1%)	85	43 (50.6%)	0.81
Norwood course
Median hospital LOS (days)	351	24 (15–42)	85	22 (15–32)	0.35
Median ICU LOS (days)	255	15 (9–33)	52	13 (9–24)	0.65
Patients with complications (%)	351	278 (79.2%)	85	63 (74.1%)	0.31
Number of complications per patient	351	3 ± 3	85	2 ± 3	0.25
Pre-stage II RVEF (%)	195	44 ± 9	56	43 ± 7	0.47
14 months follow-up
Deaths (%)	351	84 (23.9%)	85	11 (12.9%)	0.028
Norwood hospitalization (%)	84	36 (42.9%)	11	4 (36.3%)
After Norwood discharge (%)	84	48 (57.1%)	11	7 (63.6%)
Transplants (%)	351	10 (2.8%)	85	2 (2.4%)	1.00
Norwood hospitalization (%)	10	6 (60%)	2	1 (50%)
After Norwood discharge (%)	10	4 (40%)	2	1 (50%)
Serious adverse events (%)	351	152 (43.3%)	85	29 (34.1%)	0.14
14 months RVEF (%)	168	43 ± 8	48	42 ± 7	0.52

^†p values were calculated using either Fisher exact test or Student t test.

PVR, pulmonary venous return; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; DHCA, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; MBTS, modified Blalock-Taussig shunt; RVPAS, Right ventricle to pulmonary artery shunt; LOS, Length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; RVEF, Right ventricular ejection fraction.