Table 5. Psychosocial factors and risk of LBP using univariate logistic regression .

SDQ dimensions	% with LBP	OR	95% CI	P
Strengths
Prosocial behaviour
Low	35	1.0	(Referent)
Medium	31	0.86	(0.62–1.21)	0.390
High	36	1.04	(0.77–1.41)	0.790
Difficulties
Emotional symptoms
Low	26	1.0	(Referent)
Medium	36	1.67	(1.23–2.26)	0.001
High	50	2.96	(2.35–3.75)	0.001
Conduct problems
Low	29	1.0	(Referent)
Medium	39	1.55	(1.18–2.05)	0.002
High	44	1.93	(1.52–2.46)	0.001
Hyperactivity
Low	31	1.0	(Referent)
Medium	39	1.43	(1.06–1.93)	0.021
High	50	2.25	(1.66–3.06)	0.001
Peer problems
Low	31	1.0	(Referent)
Medium	35	1.21	(0.91–1.60)	0.196
High	37	1.33	(1.05–1.69)	0.019
Total difficulties
Low	26	1.0	(Referent)
Medium	39	1.84	(1.40–2.43)	0.001
High	48	2.72	(2.14–3.47)	0.001

Abbreviations: LBP, low back pain; OR, odds ratio.