TABLE 3.

Smoking behavior and psychiatrists’ recommendation of smoking aids at each time point

	Six months before 5 A’s	Baseline	After six months of 5 A’s	Pre/baseline vs. six months statistic (df *) p value	After 12 months of 5 A’s	Pre/baseline vs. 12 months statistic (df*) p value
Smoked in past seven day (%Yes)	99.32% (147/148)	98.59% (280/284)	95.87% (232/242)	X2(1) = 3.13 p = .076	94.07% (111/118)	X2(1) = 5.32 p = .021
How many cigarettes smoked in a typical week Mean (SD)	137.71 (81.70) (N = 148)	130.55 (85.37) (N = 283)	126.65 (84.66) (N = 242)	F (1,504) = 4.35 p = .04	125.02 (91.95) (N = 118)	F (1,543) = 3.98 p = .047
Recent abstinence from smoking: carbon monoxide (ppm < 10,%Yes)	19.59% (29/148)	21.20% (60/283)	18.67% (45/241)	X2(1) = 0.00 p = .97	23.73% (28/118)	X2(1) = 2.34 p = .13
At last visit, psychiatrist recommended oral prescription medication for smoking cessation: (% Yes)	2.07% (3/145)	3.99% (11/276)	9.78% (22/225)	X2(1) = 10.73 p = .001	12.96% (14/108)	X2(1) = 10.03 p = .002
At last visit, psychiatrist recommended nicotine replacement products (% Yes)	4.14% (6/145)	7.61% (21/276)	15.56% (35/225)	X2(1) = 15.41 p < .001	24.3% (26/107)	X2(1) = 15.75 p <.001
At last visit, psychiatrist recommended group therapy (%Yes)	5.52% (8/145)	5.8% (16/276)	11.56% (26/225)	X2(1) = 6.48 p = .01	16.67% (18/108)	X2(1) = 8.71 p = .003

Six months before 5 A’s (pre): Delayed intervention first interview (n = 148).

Baseline: Delayed intervention second interview (n = 128) and Immediate intervention 1st interview (n = 156).

After six months of 5 A’s: Delayed intervention third interview (n = 115) and Immediate intervention second interview (n = 127).

After 12 months of 5 A’s: Immediate intervention third interview (n = 119).

^*Kenward/Rogers degree of freedom approximation used for continuous variables.