Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients on rivaroxaban treated with IVT (including IVT followed by EVT), EVT only and those receiving no recanalization therapy
| Any intravenous thrombolysis*,† (n=18) | Endovascular treatment only† (n=4) | No recanalization therapy (n=41) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 77 (74–82) | 75 (70–81) | 82 (76–87) |
| Female | 11 (61) | 0 | 24 (58) |
| Prior antiplatelets | 3 (167) | 0 | 9 (22) |
| Prior statins | 9 (50) | 2 (50) | 17 (41) |
| Prior antihypertensives | 16 (89) | 4 (100) | 35 (85) |
| NIHSS on admission | 13 (7–19) | 18 (12–27) | 3 (1–6) |
| Time since last intake of rivaroxaban in hours | 12 (6–22) | 14 (7–20) | 10 (4–12) |
| Risk factors | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 14 (78) | 2 (50) | 27 (66) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (17) | 1 (25) | 10 (24) |
| Arterial hypertension | 17 (94) | 4 (100) | 34 (83) |
| Hypercholesterinemia | 10 (56) | 2 (50) | 12 (29) |
| Smoking | 0 | 0 | 4 (9.8) |
| History of stroke/TIA | 5 (28) | 0 | 13 (32) |
| Coagulation and renal function | |||
| Rivaroxaban plasma levels (ng/mL) | 15 (10–22) | 125 (102–218) | 204 (75–313) |
| INR | 1.2 (1.0–1.3) | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 1.5 (1.2–2.1) |
| Creatinin clearance | 63 (48–85) | 65 (61–93) | 58 (42–70) |
| RivLevlow | 12 (67) | 0 | 5 (10) |
| RivLevintermediate | 8 (33) | 0 | 9 (18) |
| RivLevhigh | 0 | 4 (100) | 27 (66) |
| Outcome | |||
| Any ICH | 2 (11) | 0 | 3 (7) |
| Hemorhagic transformation type 1 or 2 | 2 (11) | 0 | 3 (7) |
| Parenchymal hemorrhage type 1 or 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| sICHNINDS | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| sICHECASS | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| mRS at 3 months | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (1–4) |
| Good outcome‡ at 3 months | 8 (44) | 1 (25) | 16 (39) |
| Death at 3 months | 3 (17) | 0 | 3 (7) |
Values are presented as median, IQR or n (%).
IVT, IV-thrombolysis; EVT, endovascular treatment; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIA, transient ischemic attack; INR, international normalized ratio; RivLev, plasma levels of rivaroxaban; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; sICH, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; IQR, inter quartile range.
*
Includes 3 patients receiving IVT+EVT;
†
Some patient data from a previously published study17 was included to allow all available data to contribute to this analysis;
‡
Defined as mRS 0–2.