Table 4. Factors associated with confirmed cholera, 2011–2015, Mozambique—results of the multivariate analysis.
| Characteristics | Confirmed cases/tests done (%) n = 948 | Adjusted OR | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex* | |||
| Female | 87/418 (20.8) | 1 | 0.33 |
| Male | 141/529 (26.7) | 1.23 [0.81–1.88] | |
| Age group* | |||
| 1–5 | 26/210 (12.4) | 1 | 0.47 |
| 6–15 | 48/184 (26.1) | 0.90 [0.42–1.91] | |
| 16–25 | 70/220 (31.8) | 0.61 [0.30–1.25] | |
| 26–35 | 40/140 (28.6) | 0.66 [0.30–1.44] | |
| 36–45 | 21/94 (22.3) | 0.47 [0.20–1.12] | |
| >45 | 18/82 (22.0) | 0.60 [0.25–1.47] | |
| Surveillance zones | |||
| Beira | 18/394 (4.6) | 1 | |
| Mocuba | 9/202 (4.5) | 0.69 [0.24–2.00] | <0.001 |
| Nampula | 169/270 (62.6) | 17.8 [7.8–40.5] | |
| Pemba | 18/58 (31.0) | 4.44 [1.75–11.3] | |
| Other** | 14/24 (58.3) | 24.5 [5.9–102.1] | |
| Year of onset | |||
| 2012 | 0/293 (0.0) | - | |
| 2013 | 30/216 (13.9) | 1 | 0.04 |
| 2014 | 130/272 (47.8) | 2.12 [1.12–4.00] | |
| 2015 | 68/167 (40.7) | 1.38 [0.62–3.03] | |
| HIV status | |||
| No | 42/370 (11.4) | 1 | 0.01 |
| Yes | 10/69 (14.5) | 4.48 [1.64–12.24] | |
| Unknown | 176/509 (34.6) | 1.21 [0.69–2.12] | |
| Primary source of drinking water | |||
| Public tap | 125/464 (21.2) | 1 | <0.01 |
| Shallow well | 53/215 (24.7) | 0.74 [0.41–1.32] | |
| Piped water in home | 17/52 (32.7) | 0.97 [0.43–2.17] | |
| River/Stream/Lake/Pond | 7/44 (15.9) | 1.66 [0.49–5.66] | |
| Other | 8/22 (36.4) | 4.84 [1.40–16.8] | |
| Unknown | 18/26 (69.2) | 5.12 [1.70–15.4] |
Note: a total of eight variables were entered in the complete multivariate model: gender; age group; surveillance zone; year of onset; duration between onset to consultation; HIV status; primary source of drinking water; and treated drinking water.
*Sex and age group were forced in the model.
** Including mainly from Tete, Quelimane and Lichinga districts during outbreaks occurring in 2015.