Table 1.
General Characteristics of the Study Participants Based on Case and Control Groups as Well as Across Tertiles of Energy-Adjusted Total Healthy Plant Foods Intake
| Variables | Case | SD or % | control | SD or % | p-value ^ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or N | Mean or N | ||||||
| Age (year) | 66 | 9.71 | 61.38 | 9.44 | 0.01 | ||
| BMI(kg/m2) | 24.84 | 3.64 | 25.85 | 3.46 | 0.12 | ||
| Total energy intake (kcal/d) | 2712.24 | 593.48 | 2596.1 | 712.77 | 0.33 | ||
| Ethnicity (%) | 0.65 | ||||||
| Fars | 48 | 80 | 46 | 77 | |||
| Non Fars | 12 | 20 | 14 | 23 | |||
| Job (%) | 0.57 | ||||||
| Employed | 34 | 57 | 37 | 62 | |||
| Unemployed * | 26 | 43 | 23 | 38 | |||
| Smokers (%) | 14 | 23 | 16 | 27 | 0.67 | ||
| Education (%) | 0.09 | ||||||
| Illiterate & primary | 41 | 68 | 32 | 53 | |||
| Diploma & academic | 19 | 32 | 28 | 47 | |||
| Physical activity (%) | 0.02 | ||||||
| never or low | 23 | 38 | 12 | 20 | |||
| moderate | 25 | 42 | 24 | 40 | |||
| high | 12 | 20 | 24 | 40 | |||
| Antihyperlipidemic drug user (%) | 6 | 11 | 6 | 11 | 1 | ||
| Antihypertensive drug user (%) | 19 | 32 | 13 | 22 | 0.21 | ||
| Aspirin user (%) | 10 | 17 | 15 | 25 | 0.26 | ||
| Tertile of energy-adjusted total healthy plant foods intake | |||||||
| Tertile 1 (lowest) | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 (highest) | |||||
| Mean or N | SE or % | Mean or N | SE or % | Mean or N | SE or % | P‡ | |
| Age (year) | 63.8 | 11.74 | 65.85 | 8.96 | 61.42 | 8.09 | 0.13 |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 24.57 | 3.43 | 24.57 | 3.42 | 26.9 | 3.43 | 0.003 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/d) | 2,900.98 | 625.76 | 2,263.28 | 536.42 | 2,798.26 | 626.08 | <0.001 |
| Unemployed (%) | 13 | 26.5 | 14 | 28.6 | 22 | 44.9 | 0.08 |
| Smokers (%) | 12 | 40.0 | 4 | 13.3 | 14 | 44.7 | 0.02 |
| Smokers (%) | 12 | 40.0 | 4 | 13.3 | 14 | 44.7 | 0.02 |
| Illiterate & primary (%) | 29 | 39.7 | 28 | 38.4 | 16 | 21.9 | 0.004 |
| Physical activity (never or low) (%) | 16 | 45.7 | 10 | 28.6 | 9 | 25.7 | 0.12 |
| Antihyperlipidemic drug user(%) | 1 | 8.3 | 5 | 41.7 | 6 | 50 | 0.14 |
| Antihypertensive drug user(%) | 11 | 34.4 | 10 | 31.3 | 11 | 34.4 | 0.95 |
| Aspirin user (%) | 5 | 20.0 | 9 | 36 | 11 | 44 | 0.24 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or standard error and Number (%);
*
, Unemployed participants were retired or jobless individuals;
^
, Independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test were used for comparison of quantitative variables; Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were used for comparison of qualitative variables;
‡
, Obtained by the use of ANOVA or the χ2 test, where appropriate; P<0·05 was considered as statistically significant.