Table 3.
Multivariate-Adjusted Odds Ratios for Prostate Cancer Risk Across Tertiles of Energy-Adjusted Healthy Plant Foods Intakes
| Variables | Tertile 1 (lowest) | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 (highest) | P trend | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| Total healthy plant foods | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.11 -0.77 | 0.12 | 0.04 -0.34 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.29 | 0.09 -0.85 | 0.12 | 0.04 -0.37 | 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.34 | 0.10 -1.12 | 0.13 | 0.04 -0.48 | 0.007 |
| Model 3 | 1.0 | 0.25 | 0.06 – 0.98 | 0.12 | 0.02 -0.55 | 0.02 |
| Total fruits | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.23 | 0.09 -0.62 | 0.11 | 0.04 -0.30 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.23 | 0.08 -0.66 | 0.12 | 0.04 -0.36 | 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.23 | 0.07 -0.73 | 0.14 | 0.03 -0.52 | 0.007 |
| Model 4 | 1.0 | 0.22 | 0.05 -0.90 | 0.73 | 0.11 -4.79 | 0.07 |
| Total vegetables | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.29 | 0.11 -0.76 | 0.08 | 0.03 -0.24 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.28 | 0.10 -0.80 | 0.08 | 0.02 -0.26 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.23 | 0.07 -0.74 | 0.05 | 0.01 -0.21 | <0.001 |
| Model 5 | 1.0 | 0.18 | 0.04 -0.73 | 0.03 | 0.00 -0.25 | 0.003 |
| Whole grains | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.54 | 0.22 -1.32 | 0.4 | 0.16 -0.98 | 0.12 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.47 | 0.16 -1.38 | 0.31 | 0.10 -0.93 | 0.11 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.18 -2.00 | 0.35 | 0.08 -1.36 | 0.31 |
| Model 6 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.16 -4.03 | 0.88 | 0.13 -5.95 | 0.96 |
| Legumes | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.37 -2.17 | 1.49 | 0.61 -3.61 | 0.49 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.36 -2.26 | 1.24 | 0.49 -3.15 | 0.79 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.65 | 0.23 -1.81 | 1.16 | 0.39 -3.44 | 0.54 |
| Model 7 | 1.0 | 0.68 | 0.18 -2.59 | 1.2 | 0.29 -4.96 | 0.72 |
| Nuts-olive | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.45 – 2.66 | 0.66 | 0.27 – 1.61 | 0.49 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 1.28 | 0.50 – 3.25 | 0.73 | 0.29 – 1.83 | 0.48 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 1.38 | 0.49 – 3.86 | 1 | 0.35 – 2.87 | 0.78 |
| Model 8 | 1.0 | 2.49 | 0.65 – 9.50 | 1.62 | 0.37 – 6.94 | 0.4 |
| Fresh fruits | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.23 | 0.09 -0.62 | 0.11 | 0.04 -0.30 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.24 | 0.08 -0.70 | 0.12 | 0.04 -0.37 | 0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.24 | 0.07 -0.75 | 0.14 | 0.04 -0.52 | 0.008 |
| Model 9 | 1.0 | 0.25 | 0.6 -1.11 | 0.85 | 0.13 -5.64 | 0.11 |
| Dried fruits | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.44 | 0.18 -1.08 | 0.49 | 0.20 -1.19 | 0.15 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.44 | 0.14 -1.40 | 0.53 | 0.20 -1.41 | 0.32 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.36 | 0.10 -1.28 | 0.52 | 0.17 -1.55 | 0.27 |
| Model 10 | 1.0 | 0.95 | 0.18 -5.03 | 2.22 | 0.48 -0.15 | 0.45 |
| Raw vegetables | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 0.25 | 0.09 -0.67 | 0.06 | 0.02 -0.18 | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 0.23 | 0.08 -0.70 | 0.05 | 0.01 -0.19 | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 0.05 -0.61 | 0.02 | 0.00 -0.13 | <0.001 |
| Model 11 | 1.0 | 0.13 | 0.03 -0.62 | 0.01 | 0.00 -0.12 | 0.001 |
| Cooked vegetables | ||||||
| Crude | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.45 -2.66 | 1.65 | 0.68 -4.00 | 0.49 |
| Model 1 | 1.0 | 1.19 | 0.47 -2.99 | 1.41 | 0.55 -3.59 | 0.76 |
| Model 2 | 1.0 | 2.04 | 0.68 -6.04 | 1.76 | 0.61 -5.08 | 0.39 |
| Model 12 | 10 | 3.76 | 0.83 -17.04 | 2.52 | 0.52 -12.18 | 0.21 |
P<0·05 was considered as statistically significant; Model 1, Adjusted for age, BMI and energy intake; Model 2, model 1 plus job, education, smoking and physical activity and some drug usage (antihyperlipidemic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and aspirin); Model 3, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, and animal foods; Model 4, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, total vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and nuts-olive; Model 5, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, total fruits, legumes, whole grains, and nuts-olive; Model 6, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, total vegetables, total fruits, legumes, and nuts-olive; Model 7, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, total vegetables, total fruits, whole grains, and nuts-olive; Model 8, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, total vegetables, total fruits, legumes, and whole grains; Model 9, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, dried fruits, total vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and nuts-olive; Model 10, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, fresh fruits, total vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and nuts-olive; Model 11, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, cooked vegetables, total fruits, legumes, whole grains, and nuts-olive; Model 12, model 2 plus less healthy plant foods, animal foods, raw vegetables, total fruits, legumes, whole grains, and nuts-olive.