Table 1.
Selected Baseline Characteristics by Treatment Status at Enrollment, REACH-OUT (2010–2013)
| Variable | PP-All N = 482 | PP-C N = 308 | PP-N N = 174 | OAT N = 281 | P Value, PP-All vs OAT | P Value, PP-N vs OAT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Mean ± SD) | 41.12 ± 12.6 | 42.0 ± 12.7 | 39.6 ± 12.2 | 42.1 ± 13.4 | 0.440 | 0.069 |
| Male | 344 (71%) | 219 (72%) | 125 (74%) | 181 (66%) | 0.046 | 0.074 |
| Race | 0.727 | 0.081 | ||||
| White | 239 (50%) | 170 (57%) | 69 (42%) | 133 (49%) | ||
| Black/African American | 153 (32%) | 80 (27%) | 73 (44%) | 90 (33%) | ||
| Multiracial/other | 73 (15%) | 49 (16%) | 24 (14%) | 48 (18%) | ||
| Ethnicity: Hispanic | 65 (13%) | 43 (14%) | 22 (14%) | 72 (26%) | <0.001 | 0.002 |
| Married/committed | 40 (8%) | 29 (10%) | 11 (7%) | 35 (13%) | 0.077 | 0.053 |
| Medicare | 238 (49%) | 164 (55%) | 74 (45%) | 100 (38%) | <0.001 | 0.130 |
| Medicaid | 352 (73%) | 236 (79%) | 116 (70%) | 169 (63%) | <0.001 | 0.119 |
| Private residence | 326 (68%) | 213 (70%) | 113 (67%) | 212 (78%) | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| Lung condition | 48 (10%) | 28 (9%) | 20 (12%) | 15 (5%) | 0.029 | 0.018 |
| Smoking | 346 (72%) | 226 (74%) | 120 (70%) | 179 (64%) | 0.015 | 0.183 |
| Alcohol abuse | 106 (22%) | 73 (24%) | 33 (19%) | 47 (17%) | 0.075 | 0.526 |
| Substance abuse | 114 (24%) | 80 (26%) | 34 (20%) | 75 (27%) | 0.386 | 0.113 |
| Duration of schizophrenia in years (mean ± SD) | 15.7 ± 12.9 | 16.5 ± 13.0 | 14.4 ± 12.5 | 13.9 ± 13.5 | 0.014 | 0.340 |
| Paranoid schizophrenia | 323 (67%) | 203 (66%) | 120 (69%) | 178 (63%) | 0.306 | 0.226 |
| Schizophrenia severity | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Chronic | 169 (35%) | 108 (36%) | 61 (36%) | 72 (26%) | ||
| Subchronic | 118 (24%) | 68 (23%) | 50 (30%) | 61 (22%) | ||
| Other/unspecified | 180 (38%) | 123 (41%) | 57 (34%) | 148 (53%) |
Notes: (1) Percentage missing: age, 2%; gender, 2%; race, 4%; Hispanic ethnicity, 3%; marital status, 2%; Medicare, 4%; Medicaid, 4%; living situation, 2%; lung condition,<1%; smoking, <1%; alcohol, 1%; substance abuse, <1%; schizophrenia duration, 4%; schizophrenia severity, 2%
(2) Percentages reported are among the nonmissing
Abbreviations: OAT oral antipsychotic therapy, PP paliperidone palmitate, PP-C continuous user of paliperidone palmitate, PP-N new user of paliperidone palmitate, OAT oral antipsychotic therapy, SD standard deviation