Table 4.
Associations between the CVH score (per 1- unit increase) and each component of the subclinical disease markers stratified by gender
| Overall | Female | Male | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β Coefficient (95% CI) | P Value | β Coefficient (95% CI) | P Value | β Coefficient (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Increased CIMT | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.115 (−0.580 to −0.305) | <0.001 | −0.170 (−0.873 to −0.412) | <0.001 | −0.076 (−0.412 to −0.110) | 0.001 |
| Model 2 | −0.060 (−0.363 to −0.100) | <0.001 | −0.087 (−0.551 to −0.104) | 0.004 | −0.071 (−0.407 to −0.085) | 0.003 |
| Model 3 | −0.060 (−0.362 to −0.099) | <0.001 | −0.081 (−0.527 to −0.082) | 0.007 | −0.072 (−0.527 to −0.082) | 0.002 |
| Presence of carotid plaque | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.127 (−0.494 to −0.279) | <0.001 | −0.261 (−0.902 to −0.566) | <0.001 | −0.061 (−0.291 to −0.048) | 0.006 |
| Model 2 | −0.071 (−0.324 to −0.108) | <0.001 | −0.114 (−0.504 to −0.139) | 0.001 | −0.055 (−0.284 to −0.021) | 0.023 |
| Model 3 | −0.069 (−0.315 to −0.100) | <0.001 | −0.114 (−0.503 to −0.140) | 0.001 | −0.053 (−0.278 to −0.015) | 0.029 |
| LV hypertrophy by ECG/echocardiography | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.118 (−0.648 to −0.348) | <0.001 | −0.193 (−1.116 to −0.582) | <0.001 | −0.062 (−0.391 to −0.067) | 0.006 |
| Model 2 | −0.073 (−0.448 to −0.171) | <0.001 | −0.141 (−0.872 to −0.366) | <0.001 | −0.058 (−0.377 to −0.049) | 0.011 |
| Model 3 | −0.066 (−0.419 to −0.141) | <0.001 | −0.130 (−0.825 to −0.318) | <0.001 | −0.053 (−0.363 to −0.033) | 0.018 |
| LV systolic dysfunction by echocardiography | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.083 (−1.113 to −0.445) | <0.001 | −0.105 (−1.945 to −0.506) | 0.001 | −0.059 (−0.802 to −0.119) | 0.008 |
| Model 2 | −0.056 (−0.826 to −0.217) | 0.001 | −0.060 (−1.381 to −0.027) | 0.042 | −0.058 (−0.791 to −0.108) | 0.010 |
| Model 3 | −0.053 (−0.803 to −0.195) | 0.001 | −0.059 (−1.358 to −0.012) | 0.046 | −0.056 (−0.778 to −0.096) | 0.012 |
| Peripheral arterial disease by ABI ≤ 0.9 | ||||||
| Model 1 | −0.053 (−1.109 to −0.215) | 0.004 | −0.108 (−1.512 to −0.413) | 0.001 | −0.060 (−1.440 to −0.221) | 0.008 |
| Model 2 | −0.065 (−1.218 to −0.406) | <0.001 | −0.087 (−1.291 to −0.265) | 0.003 | −0.058 (−1.415 to −0.195) | 0.010 |
| Model 3 | −0.062 (−1.182 to −0.317) | <0.001 | −0.081 (−1.236 to −0.214) | 0.005 | −0.057 (−1.401 to −0.181) | 0.011 |
Values are standard regression coefficient betas (95% CI) and p values. Each beta coefficient represents the change in log-biomarker per 1-unit increase in the CVH score. Model 1, unadjusted; model 2, adjusted for age and sex; model 3, adjusted for age, sex and level of education