Table 1.
Participant information by ASD outcome group
| Demographic variable | Total n (%) | Low risk/no ASD n (%) | High risk/no ASD n (%) | ASD n (%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASD outcome | 78 (100%) | 30 (39%) | 36 (46%) | 12 (15%) | |
| Gender | .27 | ||||
| Male | 47 (60%) | 15 (50%) | 23 (64%) | 9 (75%) | |
| Female | 31 (40%) | 15 (50%) | 13 (36%) | 3 (25%) | |
| Race/ethnicity | .79 | ||||
| White/Caucasian | 30 (38%) | 12 (40%) | 12 (33%) | 6 (50%) | |
| Black/African-American | 2 (3%) | 1 (3%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 32 (41%) | 11 (37%) | 17 (47%) | 4 (33%) | |
| Asian/Asian-American | 2 (3%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (8%) | |
| More than one race/Other | 12 (15%) | 5 (17%) | 6 (17%) | 1 (8%) | |
| Maternal education | .38 | ||||
| High school | 3 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (8%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Some college | 3 (4%) | 1 (3%) | 2 (6%) | 0 (0%) | |
| 2-year college | 11 (14%) | 5 (17%) | 5 (14%) | 1 (8%) | |
| 4-year college | 25 (32%) | 11 (38%) | 12 (33%) | 2 (17%) | |
| Advanced/professional degree | 35 (45%) | 12 (41%) | 14 (39%) | 9 (75%) | |
|
| |||||
| Measure | M (SD) | ||||
|
| |||||
| Age at visit (months) | 61.87 (9.86) | 63.00 (11.82) | 62.23 (8.58) | 57.96 (7.57) | .32 |
| WPPSI-III Full Scale IQ | 102.20 (15.07) | 107.59 (11.58) | 102.06 (13.13) | 89.58 (20.46) | <.01 |
| ADOS-CSS | 2.47 (2.20) | 1.69 (1.14) | 1.83 (1.46) | 6.25 (2.18) | <.001 |
| SA-CSS | 2.87 (2.51) | 2.11 (1.75) | 2.25 (1.95) | 6.50 (2.51) | <.001 |
| RRB-CSS | 3.09 (2.96) | 1.29 (1.05) | 2.92 (2.58) | 7.83 (1.70) | <.001 |
Note. Maternal education was unavailable for one child in the low risk/no ASD group. ADOS-CSS was missing for one child in the low risk/no ASD group. WPPSI-III Full Scale IQ scores were missing for one child in the low risk/no ASD group and two children in the high risk/no ASD group. ASD = autism spectrum disorder. WPPSI-III = Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Third Edition. ADOS = Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. CSS = Calibrated Severity Score. SA = Social Affect. RRB = Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors. For ADOS severity scores: Autism Spectrum cutoff = 4, Autism cutoff = 6 (Gotham et al., 2009). SA-CSS and RRB-CSS calculated based on criteria presented in Hus et al. (2014).