Table 3.
Association between PTSD symptoms in 2007 and first onset of binge eating in 2010 in the Growing Up Today Study with no history of binge eating prior to 2010 (n=5244)
| Number of PTSD symptoms | N (cases) | Model 1: Crude | Model 2: Adjusted for main covariates a | Model 3: Adjusted for health behaviorsb | Model 4: Adjusted for maternal BMIc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | (95% CI) | RR | (95% CI) | RR | (95% CI) | RR | (95% CI) | ||
| 0 | 2997 (32) | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 1–3 | 1704 (31) | 1.7 | (1.0, 2.8) | 1.6 | (1.0, 2.8) | 1.7 | (1.0, 2.8) | 1.7 | (1.0, 2.8) |
| 4–7 | 543 (14) | 2.4 | (1.3, 4.5) | 2.2 | (1.1, 4.3) | 2.1 | (1.1, 4.2) | 1.9 | (0.9, 3.9) |
Model 2 is adjusted for participant age at baseline (continuous), gender, participant body mass index at baseline (standardized to CDC standard growth curves; continuous with a squared term), nonwhite race, and perceived social status (continuous).
Model 3 is adjusted for Model 2 covariates plus participant body mass index in 2007 when PTSD was ascertained (in kg/m2, continuous with a squared term), participant history of dieting (yes or no, through 2005) and participant history of smoking (yes or no, through 2007).
Model 4 is adjusted for Model 3 covariates plus participant’s mother’s body mass index at age 18 (mothers are Nurses’ Health Study II participants; weight at age 18 was asked on the NHSII baseline survey and validated against nursing school entry physical exams).