TABLE 5.

Intraoperative culture yield per microorganism^a

Microorganism(s)	No. of patients with culture yield/total no. (%) in indicated study
	Wouthuyzen-Bakker et al. (24)		Pérez-Prieto et al. (20)b		Tetreault et al. (21)		Bedenčič et al. (22), postprophylaxis	Burnett et al. (19), postprophylaxis
	Control group	Antibiotic prophylaxis	Control group	Antibiotic prophylaxis	Control group	Antibiotic prophylaxis
Staphylococcus aureus	2/284 (0.7)	1/141 (0.7)	0/5 (0)	1/9 (11)	13/13 (100)	14/15 (93)	8/8 (100)	14/14 (100)
Coagulase-negative staphylococci	60/284 (21)	30/141 (21)	0/5 (0)	3/9 (33)	9/10 (90)	6/7 (86)	8/10 (80)	4/4 (100)
Streptococcus species	2/284 (0.7)	0/141 (0)	0/5 (0)	0/9 (0)	4/4 (100)	2/3 (67)	1/1 (100)	3/3 (100)
Enterococcus species	3/284 (1)	0/141 (0)	1/5 (20)	0/9 (0)	0/0	2/3 (67)	1/1 (100)
Propionibacterium species	0/284 (0)	0/141 (0)	1/5 (20)	1/9 (11)	1/1 (100)	0/0	0/2 (0)
Corynebacterium species	6/284 (2)	2/141 (1.4)	0/5 (0)	0/9 (0)	0/1 (0)	0/1 (0)	2/3 (67)
Gram negatives	6/284 (2)	2/141 (1.4)	0/5 (0)	1/9 (11)			2/2 (100)	2/2 (100)

^aAvailable data of included studies (19–22, 24) on the most frequently cultured microorganisms in patients with or without antimicrobial prophylaxis. See Table 1 for the specific details on the study design. In this table, the group of patients without prophylaxis is labeled as either (i) “control group” or (ii) “postprophylaxis,” when the patient served as his own control, i.e., with positive cultures prior to surgery. In none of the studies was a statistically significant difference found between the cultured microorganisms in patients with or without prophylaxis.

^bOnly the data on the cultured microorganisms in chronic infections were available in this study.