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Mechanisms enhancing an increase of intestinal permeability in inflammatory bowel disease IBD involve several group of cells—dendritic cells “in situ in the intestinal wall”, T-regulatory lymphocytes (T-reg), Th17 cells, Th1 cells, which are responsible for producing cytokines such as IFNγ, INFα, Il-6, IL-12, IL-23 and IL-17. Based on Vlachos et al. [167]
