TABLE 1.

Growth and virulence factor production for B. pertussis strains Tohama I and 18323 cultivated in different chemically defined media^a

Medium type and strain	Mediumb	pH regulation	Initial OD650c	Final OD650	Fermentation durationd	Avg doubling time (h)e	PT yield (mg/liter)f	FHA yield (mg/liter)g
Minimal media
Tohama I	SS	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.138	1.8	63h00	17.2	0.8 ± 0.4	10.5
	CIT-NH3	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4 and 1 M K2HPO4	0.007	6.5	159h00	16.1	<0.5	27.4
Rich media
Tohama I	MSS-CDMf	50% (wt/vol) acetic acid	0.168	8.7	45h40	7.0	15.2 ± 1.3	124.9
	IMP-CDM	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.155	8.3	47h00	7.9	29.0 ± 2.6	ND
	IMP2-CDM	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.177	8.3	41h15	7.2	36.7 ± 2.2	103.2
	LCMSSB	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.104	4.1	33h00	6.2	2.7 ± 1.8	14.1
	MSS-CDM	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.159	7.8	39h00	6.7	22.5 ± 3.9	112.9
	IMP2-CDM-AA as in MSS-CDM	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.167	8.7	43h15	7.6	32.3 ± 1.7	ND
18323	MSS-CDM	50% (wt/vol) acetic acid	0.040	8.1	51h00	6.7	4.7 ± 2.2	10.0
	IMP2-CDM	50% (wt/vol) H3PO4	0.023	10.1	74h00	8.5	17.3 ± 2.6	34.0

^aAll fermentations were performed with a chemical antifoam for foam control.

^bMedium compositions provided in Table 3.

^cInitial biomass concentration calculated based on measured OD₆₅₀ of the preculture and inoculum/medium volumes.

^dThe total fermentation time is defined as the time at which oxygen consumption decreases (as a consequence of glutamate exhaustion), resulting in a decrease in stirring speed.

^eAverage generation time calculated as the ratio between OD₆₅₀ at the end of fermentation and OD₆₅₀ at the start of fermentation, converted to log₂, and divided by the total fermentation time.

^fAverage of at least four independent repeats of the PT ELISA ± standard deviation.

^gAverage of two independent repeats. ND, not determined.